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[xxxvi. 168]
1822 July 19
Constitut. Code Rationale
Supreme Operative?
I Monarch
Instruments
Fiction
Fiction.
Consideranda in relation to it
1. Evils produced by it, considered in a general point of view
2. By whom employed.
3. To whose benefit employed.
4 For whose benefit employed
5. At whose expence employed.
6. Occasions on which it has been employed: i.e. Parts of the field of Legislation to which application has been made of it.
?.1. Evils produced by it
1. In general all the evils of Misrule. Falshood is essentially an instrument of evil: an instrument adapted generally to the purposes of all evil-doers as such. When he by whom it is employed is a functionary, especially a Judicial functionary of the highest order, it is a case the evil receives an aggravation: and so does the turpitude of the evil-doer.
2. Debasement of the moral part of the mental frame of all those by whom application is made of it
3. Debasement of the intellectual part of the mental frame of all those upon whom the imposition passes, and by whom the lie uttered in place of a reason is accepted as constituting a reason, and that a sufficient one
4 The several particular evils operated by means of it. These will be determined by the several parts of the field to which application has been made of it
5. In general it may be stated as an instrument of arbitrary power: invented by functionaries invested with limited power for the purpose of breaking through the limits by which was intended to be circumscribed.
Similar Items
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Title: [[clx. 276] 1822 July 7 Constitut]Description: [clx. 276] 1822 July 7 Constitut. Code Rationale Factitious honor ?.4. Evils produced by it. 4 When Monarchy was specially on the carpet In bringing to view /In the account given/ the several external instruments of felicity in their eventual character of instruments of corruptive influence, this one was exhibited /had its place/ among the rest. Evil 4. Say Evil by contribution to the corruption fund - to the stock of the matter of corruptive influence Considered in comparison with the other articles it will be found to stand upon a very different footing from both of them. Power is necessary it is necessary to the very existence of government: it is the very matter of which /the means of/ government is /are/ made. Excluded it can not be: the utmost that can be done is to limit it So again money - money at the disposal of government. Without it government in a political community of any considerable extent could not be carried on. To exclude it altogether is impossible. To exclude the difference between what is necessary and what is not necessary - and to take care that that which is necessary shall according to its destination be applied to the service of government and to no other purpose - this is all that can /the utmost of what can/ be done. 5. On the same occasion, it has been seen how by the possession and eventual expectation of these the external instruments of felicity contribute as such to the general debasement of the moral part of mans frame in private life as well as in public. Of /Among/ those same objects of general desire this is not less true of the one than of either of the other two abovementioned. Evil 5. Evil by demoralizing influence: so say Evil of sinister self-sufficiency or Evil of sinister independence. by independence on good behaviour In both ways /parts of the field of action/ in the character of instruments of corruption they act /operate/ in two distinguishable ways: viz. 1 being /when/ in possession by operating as a sort of bond of union and common attachment to the whole system of which they constitute /form/ a part: 2. when in expectation by operating as inducements to [...?] men to betray their trust for /to/ the purpose /effect/ of obtaining at the hands of the arch-corrupter the /an/ instrument of felicity in this shape
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Title: [[xxxvi. 183] 1821 May 19 1822 Aug]Description: [xxxvi. 183] 1821 May 19 1822 Aug. 9 Constitut Cod First Lines Surplus Ch [...?...?] 3. [...?] In regard to fiction two sources of use or /and/ service require to be noted. One is, the extent of the sinister service rendered: the other is, the extent of the class of persons to whom the service is rendered. 1. In respect of the nature /extent/ of the service rendered, the use of fiction may be distinguished into general and particular. The /By/ particular use understand the particular benefit, which on the occasion of such fiction, accrues /results/ to the class or classes of persons /functionaries/ served by it: by the general use, the benefit which accrues to all of them in the aggregate from the general principle of demoralization, which it contributes to establish: viz that to /in/ regard to human actions in general, right ans wrong, proper ground for approbation and disapprobation, depends - not on the influence of the action on the greatest happiness of the greatest number, but on the practice, consequently on the will, and thence on the interest, real or supposed, of the aggregate of those same particular classes. Of the establishment of this principle of demoralization, the object and the effect is - the causing men to behold, not merely with indifference, but even with approbation - in the first place, the perpetration of injustice, and in a word of political evil in all its shapes; and, in the next place, the employing as an instrument in the commission of such mischief falshood - wilful deliberate and self-conscious falshood - in a word mendacity: the practising on this occasion and for this purpse that vice which when by individuals not armed with power it is employed to purposes much less extensively mischievous is by these same men habitually and to a vast extent visited with the severest punishment. Now go to p.3.
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Title: [1819 Oct. 19 Not Paul Consult]Description: 1819 Oct. 19 Not Paul Consult Ch. Paul’s Doctrine Doctrine Asceticism §. Utility, dictates as to Pleasure 1. Insert before the improper mention of the proper sense of purity. 2. Add that the use of the word impurity in the sense in which moral is inferred from physical is an act of tyranny. 3. [...?] hypocrites. Hypocrites 1. Religious. 2. Philosophical or moral. 2. As to quality, considered apart from quantity, it is in the eye of reason a matter of perfect /the most entire/ indifference. For the sake of having it or not having it of such or such a quality, for what reasons should any the least particle /portion/ of the attainable quantity be given up. To the head /consideration/ of quality belongs that of the source from which it is derived—the instrument or instruments, interior or exterior to the bodily or mental frame of the individual in question by which (to change the metaphor) it is reaped. By the ascetic principle—and this is one of the delusions by which it operates— pleasure being [taken for] the subject the words pure and impure and pure are in use to be employed for the designation of two opposite attributes of which it is regarded as susceptible. In this case the groundwork of the idea is impurity alias turpitude in the physical sense: and from the circumstance of the physical disgust which in this case will in the instance of a number of persons more or less considerable have place, impurity or /and/ turpitude in /on the part of/ the act by which the physical impurity or turpitude is produced is inferred. and again from this imaginary moral turpitude, the existence of a sort of demand for punishment to be employed either for the torment of the offender or for the prevention of the offence, or both. [Now /In this case/ then in plain language what is the logic that is at the bottom of this rhetoric. It is this.] In the shape of disgust or some other shape I for my part should feel pain were I to perform this act; therefore if you to whom it would not be productive not of pain but of pleasure, were to perform it you ought to be made to suffer pain under the name of punishment.
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