114-010.xml

Title: [1822 June 17 Economy etc Hence]

Description: 1822 June 17

Economy etc

Hence for instruction and remembrance and standards of reference we have these formulae /axioms./ /aphorisms./

1 Sole justifiable end of laws, greatest happiness of greatest number

2. Immediate direct means or immediately subordinate end, aptitude maximized on the part of functionaries of all sorts employed in /about/ and under the law, appropriate aptitude maximized maximization of appropriate aptitude.

3 Collateral means or /and/ immediately subordinate end, expence minimized minimization of expence.

I. Aptitude

Appropriate aptitude is aptitude with relation to the end Inaptitude is the absence or the opposite of aptitude. In the case of a functionary of Government appropriate aptitude is appropriate official aptitude.

In /Of/ appropriate official aptitude with relation to the end of government and laws three branches or elements may /require to/ be distinguished, namely 1. Appropriate moral aptitude: 2. appropriate intellectual aptitude: 3. appropriate active aptitude

Appropriate intellectual aptitude again requires to be distinguished into 1. appropriate knowledge: 2. appropriate judgment.

For maximizing appropriate official aptitude in these its several branches the arrangements and other means employed by the Constitutional branch of law may be termed Securities for these several branches of appropriate official aptitude: These securities for it, are so many efficient causes of it: they respectively so many concurrent causes: the aptitude produced by them, their joint /common/ effect.

JB_113_065.xml

Title: [1822 May 12 Economy etc Functionaries]

Description: 1822 May 12

Economy etc

Functionaries in a corrupt government the most hardened of misdoers.

Q. Are there any and if any what description of individual /persons/ which the

greatest happiness principle /of the greatest number/ requires to be excluded

from the faculty of contributing by their votes to the location of the

functionaries invested with the supreme operative power as above

A. Yes: all such in whom such properties have place as render them deficient in a

degree adequate to the purpose of exclusion in respect of any of the several

elements of appropriate aptitude: moral, scientific judiciary, or active.

Q. What if any are the circumstances /those properties/ by which with reference

to the function in question an individual is divested /is rendered destitute/ of

the requisite and indispensable portion of moral aptitude?

A. None whatever. In the case of a public functionary possessing of himself a

share of /in the/ supreme operative power the branch of unaptitude opposite to

moral aptitude is neither more nor less than the constant disposition to

sacrifice to his own personal interest the universal interest. But suppose /if/

an equal share of the constitutive power in question is in the hands of every

one of the members /member/ of the community in question the aggregate of the

several personal interests is itself the universal interest.

036_043.xml

Title: [[xxxvi. 43] 1821. May 14. First]

Description: [xxxvi. 43]

1821. May 14.

First Lines

Constitutional Instruments

Delusion

/Ch. Incorporeal instruments

2. Delusion/

In every case, the false conception or false judgment, whichsoever be the word produced, is the concepton or judgment of appropriate aptitude in its several shapes, with relation to the business of Government, as having existence in the hands by which the power in question is possessed and exercised. Conception may be the word in consideration of the rapidity with which the delusive effect is produced: judgment, in consideration of the permanence of the effects which, by this means, are produced.

On this occasion as on others, aptitude is to be considered with reference to the end: with reference to the production of the effect the production of which is the end in view. In the present instance, Government being the means, the greatest happiness of the greatest number is the only defensible end. On the part of the person or persons in question, aptitude, then, is aptitude for the producing - thence probability of their producing the greatest happiness of the greatest number, as above.

On this occasion as on every other, of this aptitude there will be three distinguishable shapes, elements or branches: viz appropriate moral aptitude, appropriate intellectual aptitude, appropriate active talent.

Under a Representative Democracy, the probability of consummate aptitude in every one of these shapes is at its maximum.

Under an absolute Monarchy, the probability of appropriate aptitude in these several shapes is at its maximum.

Under a limited monarchy, the probability of appropriate aptitude in these its several shapes is at a middle point betwixt the maximum and the minimum as above. The delusive effect /conception and judgment/ endeavoured to be produced, and but too extensively produced accordingly, is this - viz. that in an absolute Monarchy, and so in a limited monarchy, on the part of the possessor and possessors of power, appropriate aptitude, if not with relation to the only defensible end as above, at any rate with relation to the proper business of Government, whatsoever it be, is consummate.