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3 July 1805
Evidence
Introd. Jurisprudential
Ch. Sources
''. Decisions
''. 3. 1. decisions.
Decisions, judgements pronounced by Courts of law in the several individual causes that came before them, from the stock of materials out of which every general proposition of law, in the form of jurisprudential law, is composed: the waste[?] or low[?] [...?] out of which it is distilled, or if to know to which a mechanical figure be clearer than a chemical one the foundation on which it is built.
Towards the composition of a general rule of action, acessible to every one, the aggregate of the decisions of this sort pronounced within a certain tract of country, within a certain space of time, would not, it is evident, unless in so far as the particulars of those were committed to writing, serves to any considerable extent. If every individual in the country were during his whole life long present in person in every one of the judicial Courts included in it, yes. There would then only remain the difficulty of rememberence, together with a few other such difficulties. But howsoever it might be in regard to this universal omnipresence in other countries, in England it would be contrary to law, and therefore inpracticable: this attribute being an object of monopoly in the hands of the King /having been rendered /made/ a monopoly of to the use of their Royal Seal/ by English lawyers.
These difficulties being, likewise by the help of that instrument of English law which knows no difficulties, surmounted, before which all difficulties vanish /there would remain for each man the task /individual man, woman & child the operation/ of building the earth upon its foundations or distilling of the spirit from the waste: and these operations might serve for amusement while depositions were reading or doing any other dull and formal part of the represive causes.
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Title: [20 July 1805 Evidence Introd]Description: 20 July 1805 Evidence Introd. Jurisprud Ch. sources or II. Vices ''. Uncertainty for court[?] of the [...?] evidence of the documents. "Deduction thus formed (says the author of one of the best perhaps the very best book of Reports that the world of jurisprudence ever saw) "deduction thus formed, and established in the ajudication of particular cases, became, in a manner, part of the text of the law." The qualifying clause in a manner was not inserted without good reason. If, like statutory law, jurisprudential law had a text, the deductions in question /the deductions thus formed/ would /might/ indeed form a part of it. "Succeeding Judges" (continues the learned author" receive them as such, and in general consider themselves as bound to adhere to them no less strictly than to the express dictates of the legislator." Compared with the above observation, certain matters of fact related /confirmed/ /made known/ by the same high mind and some same authority, will not be unworthy of regard. The judgements of the Court (says the /says he/ same author or another Judge) the judgements of the court I could have wished to give in the words which they were delivered. But this I often found to be impracticable. Then comes the causes of impracticability. "One of the greatest difficulties I had to [...?] (says a preceding page [ch.p.x.]) was in obtaining a complete of the facts, when the case came on in the shape of a Motion for a New Trial. I was obliged ... then came the makeshifts /difficulties/ /disinfer[?]/ and resources. I was obliged to collect them, on the sudden, as they were read from the report of the Judge, and so forth /so on/. Also the resources, "It has been very steady to remedy these inconveniences by every assistance within my reach." The briefs of Council have never been witholden from me:" and so on. Good as is justly observed for written, much less so for parde[?] evidence.
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Title: [3 March 1808 Letter V §.4 Reasons]Description: 3 March 1808 Letter V §.4 Reasons In one of the two assemblies of which the legislative body is composed - in the House of Lords, when on the comparatively minute scale of an individual question arising out of an individual suit, concerning the property of some individual object such as a piece of land, a decision comes to be pronounced, here at any rate reasons, and under the very name of reasons, and those rendered by the operations of the press to a certain degree public, are not grudged. If these reasons were so many reasons framed and delivered by the Judges of which that highest of all judicatories is composed, they would by the degree of publicity given to them, the practice of thus delivering them, might in a certain degree be productive of the advantages abovementioned as resulting from the practice of annexing reasons to the text of a law such as explanation, controul, and so forth, and of the corresponding portions of jurisprudential law - viz. the general propositions capable of being distilled out of the respective decisions were imaginary, the words of them being left to be chosen by each reader of the reasons for himself - the reasons at any rate, being expressed by so many determinate assemblages of words, would make but some thing real, a sort of tangible and comprehensible mass from which the volatile and incoercible vapour would be to be distilled.
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Title: [3 July 1805 Evidence Introd]Description: 3 July 1805 Evidence Introd. Jurisprudential Ch. 2. Sources ''. 1 decisions But how apposite so ever with reference to the case in hand /point in question/ the decision referred to may be supposed to be, the proposition of which it consists is still at but particular, the case on the occasion of which it was pronounced was still but an individual case. To apply it /To employ it as a guide/ to the individual case in hand that is to cloud in the place of a general law in which had it existed the case in hand would have included, a proposition a rule of a general nature must be deduced /found/ /drawn/ on the way of abstraction from that particular individual one: and that general one of such a texture that the two particular propositions as well the prior decision appealed /reformed/ to // end[?] the decision called for on the ground of it, may be both included in it. Here it is that upon the occasion of every such alledged prior decision, upon whatever general propositions have been delivered by the Judges by whose it was pronounced all eyes not so naturally /necessarily/ and constantly looked /turned/ to. And this leads us to the consideration of that other source of common law which comes now to be considered in the second place.
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