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8 July 1804
Procedure and Evidence
Evil causes 4th order
5. Anti-merits substantive law
There is no end to the sorts of things, which for one reason or other, though ----- but too stealable, were not, or even are not to this hour larcenable. Sometimes, if an animal it is the wildness of the animal: as if wildness supposing it to have any thing to do with the business /be any thing to the purpose/, were a quality /thing/ to be measured: and as if there existed a species of animal (man not excluded) that was not wild. Sometimes the supposed worthlessness: as if a man could run the risk of stealing what was not worth having.
Proposed law for removing out of the infinite list of non-larcenable this or that article have sometimes been passed /are sometimes passed/ and sometimes thrown out.
By such jurisprudence, amended by such legislation, the single title of larceny might be swelled to such a bulk, that a number of volumes /mass of learning/ equal to the volumes Buffon's System of Nature should consolidate but a part of it.
As often as an amending law of this complexion is brought upon the carpet, humanity or cunning, men of true humanity /some man or other, more abounding/ or perhaps in cunning, perhaps than in wisdom, stands up and laments the ever-increasing multitude of penal laws: as if the effect of laws depended not upon their extent but upon their multitude: as if the severest of legislators was not he who had but one penal law for everything. Whoever does any thing forbidden shall be hanged.
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Title: [21 Aug 1804 Evidence Introd]Description: 21 Aug 1804 Evidence Introd. Jurisprudential Ch. 2. Sources ''.5. dictates of Utility '' Proportionable use made of the principle of utility in different branches of jurisprudential law. The penal branch is that in the composition of which the principle of utility will /must/ have had the greatest share: especially that which concerns offences against individuals. Offences striking against the person, property, (known and acknowledged property in whatsoever shape and whence so ever derived) reputation and condition in life of individuals would in this way receive their punishment and virtual prohibition, as the several instances examples [...?] of the several species of delinquency happened to present themselves. In the course of this process a multitude of pretences every one more idle than another for refusing to annex punishment to delinquency - for refusing /pro tanto/ in the several cases the protection of the law for person, property, reputation or condition in life against the injuries respectively in question, were brought forward and allowed. In the case of offences against property for example - adhesion of the subject matter to the freehold - wildness /original wildness of disposition/, or original want of value on the part of the subject matter (it being an animal) and the like. If by all these exceptions of this cast - and there is no dearth /scarcity/ of them the use of the law was diminished, the bulk of it at any rate was encreased: and in this way, like many a worthless human creature, in default of other merits, it became respectable by its opulence.
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Title: [2 August 1805 Evidence Introd]Description: 2 August 1805 Evidence Introd. Jurisprud. Ch. II Vices ''. 6. Fixation incompetancy The jurisprudential learning of larceny is a topic which in more occasions /instances/ than one there will be occasion /has been need/ to bring to view. Attachment imaginary or real, natural or fictitious, if the thing taken to the main body of the worth, tameness or wildness in the case of this or that species of animal, value in way of exchange more or less fixed and marketable, all these may serve as examples of fixation made by jurisprudential law under the auspices of Corruption or folly /caprice/ in the way of exception, condition or limitation taking the thief into the privation of the law, and putting the proprietor - or as lawyers used to say the true men as he is called out of it. In a word let him who will undertake to say which disposition is in jurisprudential law most conspicuous - the disposition to /.../ or the disposition to make /annex/ rash and groundless exceptions conditions and limitations, or the disposition to establish equally rash general rules within any of those exceptions, conditions and limitations which are /would be/ necessary to reduce them within the limits of utility and reason.
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Title: [[153a-034v2] System of Industry Houses]Description: [153a-034v2] System of Industry Houses Collateral Uses. I. Pecuniary 1. Poor Man's Loan Offices - When a Cottager applies to an Attorney to in a year, it would be a dearer business to him, than if, on personal security, he had paid interest for the same sum, at the rate of some hundred per Cent. For, under the existing structure of the laws, it is not one of the least misfortunes attending the condition of the Poor, that the burthen of law-charges of all sorts, as well as so many other legal burthens, having a minimum below which it can never fall, presses upon the individual, in a ratio encreasing more & more in the direct ratio of his poverty, that is in the inverse ration of his ability to bear the burthen. See Protest against Law Taxes (by the Author) 1796. Were a man, who had occasion for , l0,000 upon a mortgage, obliged to pay , l0,000 to his Lawyer, or a tenth part of the money, the hardship would be deemed intollerable. A Cottage, in the like circumstances, is actually obliged to pay in much larger proportion to the same quarter, & nobody has stated the grievance as worth remedying. I have in the publication already referred to, had occasion to shew, how the Poor of this country, (that is to say, by many times the greater number of the inhabitants of this as of every other country,) are kept in most respects in a state of perpetual outlawry, partly, for the supposed benefit of the public, by the insensibility of the man of finance, partly by the insensibility or incapacity, or policy, or all together, of the man of law, & at any rate for the real benefit of the misery-making & nonsense-manufacturing profession, whose most valuable property consists in the unintelligibility & worthlessness of its own works. Happy the man of humanity, who, on any occasion, or on any pretence, can, in favour of any class of subjects, however inconsiderable, succeed in procuring this outlawry to be reversed! By the enlightened humanity of men now in office, it has already been reversed to certain proposes, in favour of the contributors to the Societies called Friendly Societies.
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