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27 July 1806
Evidence Scotch Reform
Lett Lawyers Adverse
The first point for noble Lords in their own minds, [...?] which of the two opposite interests - the interest of the suitor and the interest of the man of law - shall receive the preference. I say opposite far more decidedly and irreconciliably opposite /[...?] opposite/ as matters have stood hitherto, no two sets of interests can be. It is the interest of the suitor that whatsoever is administered under the name of justice be administered with as little delay, expence and vexation in other shapes as possible. It is the interest of the man of law that the quantity of delay expence and vexation may at all /on every/ occasion be as great as possible: that is as great as the people in their character of suitors are by habit, and prejudice, and ignorance /darkness/ and misconception /misrepresentation/ be lulled into the endurance of [...?] because of the money extracted out of the pocket of the man of law: and of the part which goes into other pocket the [...?] is so unseparably connected with the lawyer's share, that when /a[?]/ the one part receives encrease in diminution the encrease or diminution of the other follows of course. Of delay: because something either in the character of cause or effect the connection between the incidents that bred /have [...?] made/ delay and the incidents that have been made to breed lawyer's profit /fees/ is inseparable. Of vexation: because though no fees /lawyers profit/ spring directly out of the vexation of the suitor, abstractedly[?] considered, any more than any enjoyment passes on immediately and in a direct line into the bosom of the butcher from the dying agonies of the lamb, inasmuch that it is not in human nature that the lawyer should be particularly sollicitous or active in the inflicting /active or sollicitous about the infliction of/ vexation on the [...?] for /chance[?]/ vexation's sake, yet as it is impossible that fees /profit/ could ever be received by the lawyer but vexation, and that rising and falling in proportion to the profit must be suffered by the suitor, the best that can happen to the suitor, is that his vexation should, in the eyes of the lawyer, by whom his fate is disposed[?] of, as an object of indifference.
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Title: [14 August 1804 Procedure Evils]Description: 14 August 1804 Procedure Evils Cause Lawyers' interest dilatoriness 2. Dilatoriness By delay, separately considered the separate interest of the man of law is not served /promoted/ but rather disserved. The quantity of ------- extractable out of a given cause being given, the lawyer ---- ----- of time over which that ------- is about to be spread, the less is its present value. But it /delay/ is the property (as will be seen) of delay /is naturally pregnant/ to give birth to incidents: incidents many of which not all will either naturally be, or will have been ------, productive each of its expence to the suitor, each of its profit to the man of law. Moreover whatever state of things is productive of factitious and unnecessary delay, will in other ways be found productive of unnecessary and factitious expence, that part in the profit of which the lawyer will never be without his share. And é conversó no improvement (for the extension of ------- improvements is in so far true) could operate in removal of the factitious and unnecessary delay, that would not operate (operate of course and unless measures can be taken on purpose to prevent such its operation) in reduction of the aggregate mass of factitious and unnecessary expense, that part which included in the shape of profit goes into the pocket of the man of law.
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Title: [19 May 1805 Evidence Introd]Description: 19 May 1805 Evidence Introd Ch. False Ends. 1 Judge ' 3. re-Opposition Mode ''.3. Opposition of that corrupt interest to the several ends of justice. In the virtue and efficacy of the very simple and single circumstance above-mentioned may be seen a cause abundantly adequate to the placing the interest of the functionary in every /each/ one of its branches in a state of diametrical opposition to the interest of the parties in every /each/ one of its branches, or in other words, to his duty. On each /the referred/ occasion it is his interest, that his profit be as great, his labour as small as possible. By the measure of the pecuniary burthen imposed on the suitor, both of these ends /interests/ are served at once: those who have wherewithal /the money/ are pillaged, and thus his profit is assured: those who have it not are shut out; and thus his labour is diminished. The tax and the prohibition work hand in hand: each, though in a different way, operates /ensures/ to his benefit. /to the use of him by whom it is imposed./ Portions of the mass of wealth made to pass on the occasion of every operation out of the pocket o the individual into the pocket of a public functionary are called fees. By encreasing the number /multitude/ of operations, we have seen how he encreases the multitude of his fees. But delay in every length of it is a means /source/ of probable incident: every incident is a means /source/ of operations: every operation is a source /means/ of fees. Such then are already the consequences of the arrangement: on the part of the excluded indigent, disastrous or condemned, consequently according to the nature of the case, non-receipt of the benefit of the punishment that should have been administered to the injurer /author of the injury/, non-receipt of satisfaction, non-receipt of other rights of whatsoever nature, for whatsoever due: evils opposite to the direct ends of judicial procedure: on the part of the opulent the admitted and plundered opulent, vexation, expense and delay, evils opposite to the incidental collateral ends of procedure. There remain those /the evils opposite to the/ branches of the alternate collateral end: administration of punishment when undue: collation of rights, (imposition of correspondent obligations); administration of satisfaction, (imposition of correspondent obligations) where undue. But to show /exhibit/ the birth of this last triplet of evils, we have no /nothing/ more to do but to convey the indigent man from the station of demandant to that of defendant: deprived by the Judge of the faculty of defence, that faculty which the hand that stripped him of it, calls upon him to exercise he finds himself subjected of course to one or more of those burthens /afflictions/, according to the nature of the case.
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Title: [18 Dec r 1806 Scotch Reform /Evidence]Description: 18 Dec r 1806 Scotch Reform /Evidence/ To L d Grenville '. People or Lawyer Lawyer. I see no great use in it. I have told you already: it is because the portion of delay, vexation and expence is so little. Non-Lawyer. On the contrary it is because that portion is so great. it is because you are so much overpaid. Nay: do not look so severe /look not this severe/: there is nothing of paradox but in the word /term of expression/: do not much [?] as if you did not see to the bottom of it. It is because so many of the prizes[?] in the lottery are so high, that the number of adventurers and thence of losing adventurers, and thence again the sum total of the loss of the losing adventurers, is so great. Increase therefore the extra quantity of delay vexation and expence, with its concomitant proportion of profit, the more you thus [...?] the mass of temptation, the more and more disadvantageous your lottery would be, the more and more, taking you all together you could want of being adequately paid, the further from the being under-paid, if there be any such great harm in it.
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