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4 Jan y 1807
Scotch Reform │ │ To L d Grenville
III Facienda
Codification
(3. The third proposition is - that) (except what depends - not on the state of intellectual but on that of the moral faculty /upon intellectual but upon moral causes/) the only real; security that can be given against misdecision on the ground of law - is an operation altogether different from the creation and preservation of those forms by which the technical is distinguished from the natural system of procedure, viz: the giving to the rule of action a real instead of an imaginary existence: the putting not merely the law of procedure the adjective branch of the law but he substantive branch, for that is the branch in operation for this purpose - the putting it throughout into the state of real law, instead of that state of sham law in which so large a part of it remains at present. The perpetual danger of misdecision - or rather the utter /perpetual/ absence of right decision, for where there is not subject /object/ of /for/ adaptation there can be no aptitude proceeds from this - viz: that the rule of action having no determinable assignable words for the expression of it has in fact no existence. The Judge on each occasion feigns a law - acts, decides, as if there were a law to such or such an effect - to an /the/ effect expressible by such and such words - but neither in these words - nor in any other determinable assignable words - has any law been ever made by any body - not by any Judge no Judge so much as pretends ever to make any the least article of law: not by any legislator for if there had been there would have existed in the subject - to the effect in question a portion of real law - thus would not have been either room or pretence for feigning one.
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Title: [26 Jan y 1808 Codification - Jury]Description: 26 Jan y 1808 Codification - Jury Trial Jury Trial after Cutting [...?] judges of law If indeed in the station of a Juryman, of the [...?] of temporary Judge so called, a man is not to be considered as capable of understanding the import of those laws, by which in the instance of any of them in case of is failing to understand it liable to be put to death is[?] rescued[?], then indeed s far as the exercise of the function of a Juryman is concerned, there is no use in putting the rule of action into the state of real law instead of having it in the state of sham law. But if such e the effect or rather no-effect given to a decision pronounced by a Jury, the results seem to be that instead of applying a check to /remedy against/ misdecision the Jury box intervention of a [...?] set of temporary Judges /assessors/ so [...?], will in Scotland as in England serve as an engine of arbitrary power, as an instrument for facilitating misdecision, as a service for it which producing and when[?] produced. Judging without a Jury, a Judge can not pronounce a wrong decision, without being in point of reputation[?] at least, and at the bar of public opinion responsible for it, punishable by los of reputation /[...?]/. Judging with a Jury, preserving the power in the way or other he eases /contrives/ himself of the yoke. For whatever justice, by [...?] /[...?]/ or misrepresentation he [?] [...?] certain to make them the instruments of, nobody is responsible for: not he, fr it is not his [...?]: not they, because they constitute so many services[?] to one another, and it is the characteristic property of the Jury-box that without exposing themselves to suffer in any shape, men may do in it what hey please.
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