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April 1807
Lawyers judged
All this is so much declaration of the rights of man - All this is Give us our rights. Whosoever quitting the ground of utility talks of rights as against the sovereign authority of /in/ the state for the time being does as much as to say to the people - Ye who read this, if the measure thus opposed be persevered in - take up arms rather than submitt to it. This is the difference between the language of /in which/ every thing /point/ is argued on the ground of their argument the ground of right.
The bonâ fide arguers in this [...?] are men in whom will is /whose/ strong and understanding weak: the malâ fide arguers are those who observing the deception into which those others are led by the strength of the will and the weakness of their understanding, take advantage of it for their own sinister ends.
Thus employed - employed against the legislature the use of the word right is a pretence for being [...?], and violent and obstinate: a pretence /an apology or[?] justification/ for the endeavour to excite the [...?] or greater and more mischievous heat and virtue[?] and obstinacy in other men.
Such sort of language /argument/ is well suited to the character and purposes of the wicked: it lends a sanction to violence - and exemption then from the shame of heaven, no rational argument to adduce, where no argument is to be found /the case is such as not to afford any //render it impossible/.
It is equally well suited to the purposes of the weak. It saves them the avowal of their own importance: it exempts them from an obligation they are unable to fulfill.
It is the nature of an argument on the ground of extending to call for an enunciation[?] /statement/ of the advantages and disadvantages no both sides. It is in the nature of an argument on the ground of right [...?...?] such statements such disquisitions - to protect against them as inadmissible.
[...?] thing is then to be done by violence and clamour, by repetition /exposition/ of the same obstinacy and overbearingness /obstinate and overbearing [...?]/ in other words. Right, right, right! Give us our right, our rights are violated our fundamental laws are broken! to arms, to arms! Such is the language of the weak in understanding, because to use it requires not that strength of understanding which they have not: the strength of will which they have is sufficient. It puts /places/ all men upon a level [...?] with no other difference than that which strength of [...?], or arms or [...?] may create.
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Title: [2 Aug 1814 Logic 1 3]Description: 2 Aug 1814 Logic 1 3 1 o, or 2 o Ch. III Operations Persuasion, supposed recollection, supposed perception - all fallible: actual sensation or feeling the only subject of infallible persuasion: the supposed cause of it not in the case of any of the senses. Discourse, nothing but a persuasion:- practical inference moderation: i.e. habitually declared recognition of the above truth. Fallibility of human persuasion - more or less probable falsity of all declarations, by which the existence of a persuasion to any effect is asserted - falsity, whether accompanied or not with self-consciousness in the former of which cases it is termed mendacity - these are among the truths[?] which, whether it be for the exclusion of obstinate error, or for the exclusion of arrogance, overbearingness, obstinacy, and violence, ought never to be out of mind.
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Title: [1819 Dec r 5 §.4 Bentham’s Radical]Description: 1819 Dec r 5 §.4 Bentham’s Radical Prelim II. Necessity 2 This is the case in particular in regard to politics. On that field whatsoever were the question that happen to be brought forward of whatsoever importance right […?] would be /is/ with reference to their own interests, if they were supposed to hear what could be said on both sides, they would be sure to decide wrong, and if their own destruction were to be the consequence of wrong decision, to rush headlong into destruction accordingly. On the part of the ruling ones To save them from such self-destruction it might be sufficient (some would suppose) to take care on every occasion /question/ that an ample supply of arguments on the right side of the question should be present to their view - Alas! vain would be any /every/ such hope: so sure as in favour of on the wrong side any argument how weak soever were present to their view so sure would they /their minds/ be to be poisoned and deluded by that weak argument so sure would they be to throw themselves with /to run with/ violence into that wrong side. So in regard to religion Continue this, if advisable on another sheet
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Title: [2 July 1804 Procedure and Evidence]Description: 2 July 1804 Procedure and Evidence Note continued Ch.│ │ Vexation '.1. Note It is not therefore to this order or stage of the consequences of a rightful and beneficial judicial act /of an act/ which substantial justice is administered, that we are to look for the good produced by it - for the reason for wishing that all acts [...?] from the same authority, may be grounded in the same substantial ground, it is to the two other stages of the progress of its influence in Society that /for this purpose/ we myst look /turn our eyes/ for the present purpose, and at the very first of the two all doubts will be dispelled: From an unjust decision, especially to the prejudice of the defendant and in a penal cause, we see nothing but alarm and danger: each /either //in [...?] of ///by///reptition/ of them capable of swelling to a mass, capable of overwhelming society and tearing it /society/ up by the roots. From just decision on the side we see nothing but comfort and security: unless it be to the perverse few and among them to no more than such as choose voluntarily to torment themselves with the like alarm by exposing themselves to the like danger. + Thus important is the distinct between the three orders of good and evil - the three stages of their progress in society. Without no rational foundation could be shown for the preference given to /difference due between/ oppression over /and/ relief, between justice and injustice. The foundations of government would stand on no better ground than the obscure /confused/ and continually fallacious[?] of vulgar prejudice. averring its weakness under some such veil as the word sentiment, right reason, moral sense /common sense/, and so on without end. / + Introd. Dum./ /giving its own [...?], as a reason for its own obstinacy-/
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