date

1819 Aug. 25 Fallacies 3 Ch | | Cause
1819 Aug. 25

Fallacies 3 Ch | | Cause and Obstacle Confounders

Considered in respect of their conduciveness to an end objects of any kind may be termed good or bad either with reference solely to the end, or with reference to and in comparison with one another, but still with reference to the end.

The English Constitution, in the opinion of Englishmen, with few if any exceptions, has been regarded as better with reference to the end in question than that of any other Government ever known, laying out of the question the recently established governments of the several American United States: in particular better than any one /other/ of the European Monarchies. Upon examination, upon the distinction made between causes on the one hand, and uninfluencing circumstances and obstacles on the other, this persuasion will /would/ it is believed be fully confirmed. receive full confirmation. But in proportion as these circumstances are distinguished by which it is rendered better superior and more conducive to the end than are the Constitutions of those several Monarchies in that same proportion will it be seen to be inferior as compared with that of any one of the United American States.

Ask the cause or reason what the Constitution of the English Government is better than that of any one of those Monarchies, the answer can be no other than this /to this question there can be but /can not be more than/ one answer/ - namely that in /under/ the English Constitution the great body of the people /the people/ have some share, while /whereas/ in those other Governments, the people either have no share at all or have not so good a share.
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    Description: 1819 Aug. 25

    Fallacies 1 Ch | | Cause & Obstacle confounders

    1.1 Exposition

    All circumstances that with reference to the effect in question, operate neither as causes nor as obstacles, are uninfluencing circumstances. Of these it would be absurf to attempt giving a catalogue, and not of much use to look out for examples: since for this purpose any one other concomitant circumstance that could be named would /might/ answer well as any other.

    If with reference to the effect in question any circumstance /altogther uninfluencing/ could be found there by any person of note had ever mentioned in the character of a cause, some little light might perhaps by the bringing it to view be thrown /cast/ upon the subject. Probably enough however no such example might be to formed. Why? because in the conciliating /attracting/ /directing/ the ublic favour in /towards/ behalf of a circumstance of this description /sort/, nobody has any interest: the circumstance, in reagrd to which a man would be capable of finding an adequate interest in bringing forward in this character would be a circumstance the tendency of which is /were/ to operate in favour of his own particular interest though to the prejudice of the universal interest but in favour of the one particular share in it: and, /admitting/ if this be its character than by the supposition it is with reference to the effect in question, not an uninfluencing circumstance, but an obstacle.
  • Title: [1822 March 24 Rid Yourselves]
    Description: 1822 March 24

    Rid Yourselves

    Part 1

    Letter 2 Interests

    Corruptionists' Arguments

    When the waste, depredation and oppression of which England Scotland and Ireland are

    the theatres is complained of eyes and ears are shut and /to overpower the cry of

    particular complaint a cry of general a cry of eulogy is set up. Matchless

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    influence is the word employed meaning avowedly the influence of many in possession

    or expectancy is the representatives of the people looking for it to the removable

    [...?] of the Monarch.

    Antecedently to the establishment of the Government of the Anglo- American United

    States the English was indeed the best or to speak more properly the least bad of all

    known goverments. Thus much therefore there it always has been and continues to be in

    the eloquence[?] that have been bestowed upon it. But the bad the least good or is

    but too incontrovertible.

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  • Title: [1820. Dec r. 31. Revised March 20]
    Description: 1820. Dec r. 31. Revised March 20

    Rid Yourselves of Ultramaria

    Note

    Introduction

    '. 6. Tables - grounds of opinion

    Note (a) to Table III.

    (a) From the distribution thus made, inferences of no small

    importance can scarcely fail to present themselves to the most incurious eye. In

    class 1, the titles of the articles will serve as an object of comparison for the use

    of the present day:- at present, are there any of these that can be struck off? any

    others that requre to be added? Then, as to the sums

    belonging to each, allowance made for the difference in the value of money, those of

    the present day, what are they? will they bear subtraction?

    will they require addition? and for what reasons? and so on, in regard to the several

    articles belonging to the three other classes.

    By the amount of the articles in Class 2, will be seen the amount of the expenditure

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    example, that exemplified in the Anglo-American United

    States: with the 128,000,000 of reals vellon will be compared the 25,000 United

    States Dollars 500,000 reals vellon of thereabouts (Translator correct this) which

    form the official emolument of the Chief fuctionary in those republican states: and

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    hand, by how much the condition of the people in Spain would be deteriorated, if

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    by how much the condition of the people of those United States would be improved, if,

    for the purpose of additional expenditure, under those several heads, the sums stated

    in a line with them, or some greater sums, were added to the official emolument, of

    the not very scantily provided chief functionary just mentioned. With correspondent

    instruction and advantage, the like questions might be applied to the several other

    European Monarchies: not forgetting France, England: not forgetting the several

    Monarchies of inferior rank which for the more effectual swelling of the amount of

    this branch of the public expenditure, have so lately been promoted into Kingdoms. How can it be otherwise? In all these, as well as

    all other Monarchies, the principle, acted upon, on this and all other occasions, is

    it not this? namely that (to use as far as it will go the wording of the Spanish

    Constitutional Code, Art. 13) "the proper end of all political society is nothing but

    the welfare of" then comes the separation - and instead of " the

    individuals who compose it, we must say - the one ruling

    individual. As to principle, a better than this

    Spanish one can not be desired. As to practice, whether its

    destiny be to be consistently acted upon, the event will, ere long, shew.