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7 June 1810 1 §.6
Influence
Ch. Mischief
§.6. Ghost-seeing
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He who points out an imperfection is shamed as a disturber of the peace.
Among those whose good or ill fortune it is to labour under a natural twist of the understanding there is one set in whom the phalanx on the defender of abuse beholds and finds a set of natural allies and confederates.
This is a compound of those whom, unaccompanied /unprovided/ with any adequate acquaintance with the texture of that business into the management of which they intrude themselves of that government in which they undertake /presume/ to bear a part, the love of power, to be exercised, of the interest /at the suggestion/ or the humour of the moment, has introduced into the House. Understanding nothing, they are alarmed at every thing. The frame of the government they have read in Blackstone is all perfect and past all power of amendment to improve it. + To what causes /In what circumstances/ in particular this excellence has its cause they are alike unable and unwilling to enquire. Causes, uninfluencing circumstances, and obstructions /obstacles/ all are set down alike /on the same line/ in their catalogues of causes.
Nothing can be more commodious than this disposition /frame/ /theory/ of mind to assuming and overbearing ignorance. Without {any} self denial they are virtuous: without the /any/ expence of thinking they are wise. He who should presume to point out any distinction as above would be regarded as an enemy, he who thus endeavours to inform their understanding is treated as a disturber of the peace. He draws upon them for the exercise of faculties which they do not possess, if he puts them into the condition of bankrupts, if he humbles /lowers/ them if in public /the House/, in the eyes of others: if in the /even if in the secrecy of the closet/, in their own eyes.
It is all perfect, or all blindness I,
It has no faults, or I can none descry
+ No distinction will they allow themselves to observe between any of the most beneficient and any the most inconvenient points in it /features of it/.
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Title: [12 Aug 1809 Parl y Reform B]Description: 12 Aug 1809 Parl y Reform B.II. Influence Ch.1. Explanations '. Influence on understand g innocent 4 3 1 o Such being the distinction (and by the name of practical wisdom let it if they please be called the theoretical distinction a theory) - now for /come we now to/ the practical application and result. As to the influence of understanding on understanding, {in a country at least in the constitution of which there is any the least spark of liberty} that it should not be exercised is alike impossible and undesirable. The influence of understanding over understanding is no other /neither nor more less/ than the influence of reason over reasonable creatures /creatures endowed with reason or susceptible of it/. It is by this that (with the exception of that influence which by means of reward is exercised by and according to him) all the good in matters of government that is ever done by influence is done. In this may be seen all the chances that the people have of seeing the influence of will over will where exercised by persons constitutionally subordinate over their constitutional subordinates {has to trust to for its extirpation} /of being extirpated/. In this then may be seen a species of influence which by the very nature of things /the case/ is attached to office. In this may be seen a species of influence which with or without votes, with or without /having in their hands any portion of/ the matter of wealth in the character /applicable in the direction/ of the matter and instrument of corruption in their hands, the ministers of the crown the members of the executive branch of the Government can never fail either to possess or exercise. In /To/ the persons /individuals/ invested with each respective office - in the individuals who alone are habitually exercised in the business of that office belong means at least of information - naturally efficient causes of aptitude - such as no other individuals can either have or pretend to have the possession of: there are the understandings that by all others will naturally be looked to as the seats of superior and peculiar information, fitting them as far at least as depends upon superior opportunities and means of information for serving as guides to all others: exercising accordingly by their understandings, (and that as well without as with any exertion on their parts specially directed to the production of that effect) over all other understandings not alike favourably situated.
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Title: [21 Jan y. 1810 Parl y. Reform]Description: 21 Jan y. 1810 Parl y. Reform Influence Ch.2. Influence '.1. 9 9 Of /To/ the influence of will over will any effectual exercise /submission/ /self-exposure/ is as hath been shewn altogether incompatible with the due exercise of this trust: altogether repugnant to the design[?] of its institution the purpose for which it was instituted. To any exercise /submission/ of the influence of understanding on understanding no such incompatibility no such repugnance can be objected /imputed/: the case /the only case/ in which any such incompatibility any such repugnance could with reason be imputed is the direct contrary case, viz. if on the occasion in question not to speak of other occasions the influence of understanding on understanding were excluded or endeavoured to be excluded. When on a question either of fact or law or fact arguments are heard by a Judge - of what does such hearing consist but this, viz. on the part of the Judge an exposure of his own understanding to whatsoever influence may come to be exercised on it by the understandings of the arguers? the suitors if they plead their own causes, the advocates if they employ advocates? So (to come nearer the mark) in the case of such debates as have place in a legislature or other political assembly. What is it that any speaker does in his speech what at any rate does he profess to do, but by the view he gives of the operations of his own understanding and all operations to exercise whatsoever influence it may be in his power to exercise over the understanding of his hearers?
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