125_309.xml

Title: [16 Jan y 1817 Necessity Cat]

Description: 16 Jan y 1817

Necessity Cat

1 Theory

§.7. 1. Monarchy 2 Intellect

3. active talent

1

Alexander writes well speaks well meddles with /spoils/ every thing.

§.7. I. Monarchy - how far appropriate intellectual aptitude and appropriate active talent are reasonably to be expected in it.

Question 1 Thus much as to the article of appropriate probity: now as to the other two elements of aptitude intellectual aptitude and active talent: for untill some special reason recurr for separating them, so nearly /closely/ are they allied /connected/ there may be a […?] privilege it should seem in considering them together: and to begin of course with the Monarch himself. What say you in this instance to their endowments - in the situation in question in what degree ought we to expect to se them possessed.

A. Before I attempt any direct answer to this question, I must propose for your consideration a distinction among Monarchs. I mean by those who have been bred in the school of {adversity and} difficulty for example the Ex-Emperor Napoleon, Frederic the Great of Prussia and our own William the third, or if it be your pleasure to go so far back, our own {King} Alfred, and those who have been bred in the ordinary way in that school of luxury and idleness which is situated immediately under the throne. This first group I mention for the purpose of laying them out of the account: for it is evident that in respect of the endowments in question their characters were formed before they became aggregated to the class of Monarchs. Therefore whatsoever it may happen to me to say of Monarchs in relation to either of these points you will consider them as not to be meant to be comprized[?] in it: and in regard to them let it appear /be/ ever so manifestly inapplicable, the inapplicability will not afford /operate as/ any objection so long as it has in place in regard to that ordinary class of /in/ which by far the greater number have been contained.

Between these extremes, by substracting more or less of the difficulty, i.e. of the demand for exertion, you may form to yourself an intermediate class /group/ or any number of groupes, should any occasion for so doing, which is more than I should expect to present itself.

125_173.xml

Title: [[Marginal summary sheet[?]] [Mainly]

Description: [Marginal summary sheet[?]]

[Mainly in copyist’s hand]

16 Jan y 1817

Necessity Cat.

1 Theory

§.5. Active talent and intellectual aptitude

Explanations

§. 5. Active talent and intellectual aptitude.

1

Q 1 - In regard to probity, question how most effectually securable. This question not unapplied to the other element, because it will presently be applied to them in < > the different forms of government - < > in observing powers to be of present use in two of these forms, viz Monarchy & democracy active talent may be altogether absent: and yet the business go on.

A - Yes -

2

Q 2 - How can this be An endowment security so effectual : how can it be dispensed with?

A. - In the power of deputation you have seen a cause adequate to the production of this effect. In proportion as self-acting power finds a substitute in this, the demand for active talent on the part of the deputation ceases. I In this case of a Monarchy By means of this deputation power for example in the Formal Monarchy supreme power used to be exercised by children of 14 years old -

So in any Monarchy by an < > person so long as his melody can be concealed -

§.5. Active talent and intellectual aptitude.

3

Q 3 - II. How in the case of a democracy -

A. Then the supreme power is in the great body of the people - But as we have seen already, not only in this case may it be exercised by deputation but in a democracy large enough for self support it can not be exercised otherwise it can not be exercised by self regarding. When in quality of Electors the people have declared who should act for them, they have exercised all the power they are capable of exercising unless censorial influence as above be considered as power -

4

Q. 4 - Now there is not the enquiry < > for considering in what proportions the several elements of aptitude are possessible by the several forms of Government? -

A - Yes -

125_166.xml

Title: [[Marginal summary sheet[?]] [Mainly]

Description: [Marginal summary sheet[?]]

[Mainly in copyist’s hand]

12 Jan y 1817

1 Theory

§.1. Elements of aptitude

3

1

§.2. Elements of aptitude

1

Quest 1. In what case will the form of government be perfectly adapted to the above end?

Ans: If by the supreme rulers the elements of appropriate official aptitude are perfectly possessed -

2

Q.2 What are they? -

A.1. Appropriate probity.

2 Appropriate intellectual aptitude:

3 appropriate active talent (all adequate) -

3

Q.3 No denominator comprising intellectual aptitude and active talent? -

A. Yes - personal ability -

4

Q.4. Appropriate probity what? -

A. Disposition to contribute to this end -

5

Q.5. Intellectual aptitude what? -

A. Disposition to contribute to this end -

6

Q.6. Active talent what?

A. State of mind and body together by which a man is enabled to take the course which in his situation is most conducive to it -

7

Q.7. This best is it compleat? -

A. Yes -

8

How does this appear?

§.2. Elements of aptitude

A. Result within power, power and will < > it has place The power here is power of maximizing happiness -

On the part of the rulers in question this power depends, partly in others viz. the subjects, partly in themselves: what depends on others is power < >: this they have by supposition what depends on themselves (in the state of their faculties) is power ab intra: this is personal ability. In appropriate probity then you have the will: in personal ability the power -

9

Q 9 - These elements possessed in perfection by the rulers, the end is there accomplished?

A. Yes - by the supposition such is the import of the terms. In the individual government in question in the < > of that< > you have the adequate cause: in the accomplishment of that depends < > the desired effect -

10

Q.10. In this perfect degree do they or will they exist any where? -

A - No - but in whatever degree they are possessed in that degree will the end be accomplished.

Thus we have their determined marks for our endeavours -

Q 11

Q 11. Proportion between the degrees of those elements is it not unnecessary? -

§.2. Elements of aptitude.

A. For suppose personal ability maximized, and appropriate probity short of adequate result would be maximization of the happiness not of all together but of rulers alone: subjects of d o sacrificed to it -