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10 Jan y 1817
Necessity Cat
2 o
1. Theory
§. Forms
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Q. < > What do you understand by uncoercive or unimperative influence.
A. I understand that sort of influence which is capable of being exercised, and is somehow in a greater or less degree actually exercised, by subjects notwithstanding they are /without ceasing to be/ subjects, on the conduct of those by whom supreme coercive power is possessed and exercised.
Q. < > On this occasion, which of the two sorts of influence do you mean - influence of will on will or influence of understanding on understanding?
A. I mean either or both: in idea and in their nature they are distinct, and that to such a degree that while the effect of the[?] one is salutary to the political constitution of that country, the other, as sooner or later we shall have occasion to observe + is rank poison. But in the present case they are apt to have place together, nor is it worth while to note the proportions in which they have place.
Q. < > In what way or ways are these influences capable of being exerted or exercised?
A. The persons you will observe by whom these influences are for /to/ the purpose in question considered as being exercisible and exercised, are persons who either are not in possession of coercive power in any shape, exercised in person or by proxy, or if they are are not on the occasion in question considered as exercising it.
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Title: [[Marginal summary sheet[?]] [Mainly]Description: [Marginal summary sheet[?]] [Mainly in copyist’s hand] 13 Jan y 1817 Necessity Cat 1. Theory §.3 Forms of Government 2 §.3. Forms of Government 10 Q 10 - From what circumstance is the description of the different forms of Government deduced? - A - According to current notions and vocabulary by the predicament of number merely: hence Monarchy &c: Monarchical &c. 11 Q 11 - For applying the above tests of aptitude to the different forms will the above source or principle of distinction and diversification be sufficient? - A - No: one other circumstance at least will be necessary - 12 Q. 12 - What other? - A - Difference in the parts takeable in their relation to the exercise of any power: and in particular the supreme - 13 Q. 13 - What are they? - A 1 Self acting or d o. operating power - 2 Deputative d o. is d o. exercised by deputation. 3. Uneversive or unemparative influence. 14 Q. 14. Self acting what? A. any power as far as exercised without the instrumentality of another by the man himself who is said to have it. §.3. Forms of Government Examples. 1 Power exercised by Monarch when he gives his signature to a Law. 2 - Power exercised by him in giving orders to an Army Officer - 15 Q. 15. Deputative power what? - A. Power exercised by the instrumentality of another: viz by deputation, delegation, commition, nomination, appointment, proxy. - 16 Q. 16. Is not this power of aggregation? - A. Yes: and is exercised by aggregating to the class invested with the self acting power in question - The individual person in relation to whom it is exercised. 17 Q. 17 - Uneversive influence what? - A. Influence exerciseable by Subjects without their ceasing to be so on the conduct of rulers - 18 Q. 18. Influence of will on will or of understanding on understanding? - A Either or both. In their nature they are so distinct that while in a certain case the one is rank poison, the other is always salutary. § 3. Forms of Government In the present instance they have place together nor is there any need of separating them 19 Q. 19 - These influences how exerciseable? - A. By making known the opinion or desire or both of the influences respecting the conduct of the influenced, the influences either not being possessed of self acting < > power, or deputation power in relation to d o or not on this occasion exercising either under opinion being included information concerning matter of < >: say (suppose) simply < > influence; petitioning are modifications of it - 20 or 21 Q 20 - The conduct of the possession of power has is it thus influenced? A. Under no government can the will of rulers fail of being more or less influenced by opinion answering the desires of subjects some this desire may be made known with impunity under others, not - Under no government can matters of fact be so aburdantly furnished when all are at liberty to furnish them spontaneously, as where only[?] interrogated by authority, more can furnish them without rest. - So under no government can the remarks made by the most judicious < > - subjects as altogether be or believed to be without value. -
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Title: [10 Jan y 1817 Necessity Cat.]Description: 10 Jan y 1817 Necessity Cat. 2 o 1. Theory § 3. Forms 8 Q 12 What is that circumstance A. It is that of the different /difference in the/ parts capable of being taken in relation to the possession and encrease, as of political power at large /in general/, considered in any of its degrees, so in relation to the supreme power in particular. Q. 13. What are these different parts? A. They may be included in /if you please in one or other of/ the three following denominations; viz. 1. self-acting or self-operating power: 2. deputative power, or power exercised by deputation: 3. uncoercive or unimperative influence. Q. 14. Though, as employed on the particular question here in question, it seems to me that the denominations are new to me, I think I can from the roots /general signification/ of the words /I can/ form a pretty good guess at the signification which on this occasion you mean to attach to them. But to make sure what is it then that in the first place you understand by self acting or self-operating power? A. A power which a man exercises /Power of any kind in the case where /in so far as/ it is exercised by a man in his own person: i.e. without the instrumentality of any other person. For example 1. the power which a Monarch exercises by attaching to a general law or administrative order his signature in token of authentication for the purpose of authenticating it - i.e. declaring it to contain the expression of his will: or 2. the power which he exercises when /by/ giving a viva voce /word of mouth/ order to the Commander in Chief of his army, or to the Commander of his body-guard.
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Title: [10 Jan y 1817 Necessity Cat]Description: 10 Jan y 1817 Necessity Cat 1. Theory §. Forms 12 Q. < > You speak of petitioning as a particular mode of performing /exercising/ this censorial function operation - of exercising this uncoercive influence. A. Yes: especially if performed by numbers at a time, all expressing themselves to the same or a similar effect. Q. < > By performing or joining in performing /the performance/ of the censorial operation you mean, if I understand you rightly what is meant /every body means/ by the applying to the purpose in question the liberty of speech and the liberty of the press, in which lastmentioned liberty, the less extensive liberty of the pen is of course included. A. Exactly so. Q. < > Then the operation known by the name of petitioning is the /an/ operation by which an /some/ exercise made of the censorial operation is in a particular manner endeavoured to be presented to the notion of the official person or persons whose conduct in the exercise of their respective powers endeavours is thus used to influence. A. Yes verily. Q. < > Is this the only use and effect of the censorial operation in general, and that mode of performing it which is called petitioning in particular? A. The only use which may /can/ be termed direct: But an indirect use /a sort of indirect or at any rate less direct use/ - nor that by any means an unimportant one - is the making known the sentiments of the petitioner the state of wills and understandings in relation to the subject in question to persons other than the person or persons addressed, in a word to the body of their fellow subjects at large. It is by this means alone that on the will of the /a/ possessor of political power any very efficient influence can reasonably be expected to be exercised. By this means and by this means alone can the twigs in the fable be bound up together in /into/ a faggot capable of affording any effectual resistance to the hand to which they are presented, and of which the endeavour will be of course to break them in pieces if it be possible.
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