131-221.xml

Title: [1819 May 17 + Disfranchising]

Description: 1819 May 17 +

Disfranchising

§.4 Evil 3. Terrorism

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1

§. 4. Evil effect the third. Substituting to the mixt the purely mischievous species of sinister influence.

§. 4. Evil effect the third. Substituting to the alluring, the gratifying, yet less irresistible, the compulsory /coercive/ /intimidative, the coercive/ the galling /the grating/ the less resistible species of sinister influence.

In the above two lists of epithets may be seen the nature of the evil /this branch/.

It has been shewn over and over again, that without secresy that is without the ballot there can be no security /assurance/ for freedom: for the freedom of the votes: which in other words is the genuineness of the votes: for of the vote, the wish which you would not express but for the fame of some other man is not /the expression is the expression not of/ your wish, but his wish: the vote not your vote but his vote. If in the same thraldom he holds ninety nine others, then have you in effect no vote, he in effect a hundred votes. /to you/ the vote which you have or are said to have is to you – not a benefit but a burthen. Some it is true may be /not only may be/ free, but always are: because of {happily it is not every one that sees another to whose will prudence commands his own will to give way.}

Thus it is that that which is trumpeted under the name of a right of a right with some exaggerated /exaggerating/ epithet attached to /tied to the tail of/ it is in an unlimitedly large proportion not a right but an obligation: an obligation and that a degrading /humiliating/ as well as highly burthensome one. It is the right of being treated on certain occasions as a slave, and being forced to bear a part in a system of imposture.

☞ Post off to defence of ballot?

Meantime the tyrant, to find /make/ a pretence for his tyranny, exhausts the stores of passion and sentimentalism and paradox delicacy. It would be degrading to an Englishman to be really free. An Englishman ought not to have nor is expected to have any regard for his own interest or the interests of any of those who are most near or dear to him. No Lowther for ever! or Maxwell for ever! or Lamb for ever! these are the only men for whose interest he ought to have any regard: these are the only men for whom /whose interest/, unless he be not undeserving of the name of Englishman he will have any regard.

[marginal insertion:] Practice at the bar with lies told without shame as often as a point[?] is received for telling them all this being practice with for and with profit all this is honourable as is reputable of sincerity treated[?] by it.

[marginal insertion:] ‡ for voting according to your command you must not tell a fib: and a system which in /among its/ effect has that of letting in the possibility of […?] the such a fib: must for that one reason whatever good there may be in it, be thrown out. Thus, while by those by whom camels are swallowed are gnats strained out

[marginal insertion:] If asked how he gave his vote – Oh dear! Oh dear! to save himself from the vengeance of a tyrant inquisition it may happen to him to tell a fib. Perjure yourself as often as you please: that is what no man of fine feeling has any objection to: if you are an Oxford Scholar you are not only permitted to do so but forced to it. But though it were to save yourself from a tyrant who would ruin you you must

[marginal insertion:] but let him if in[?] actually told lies a person to save himself from being passed[?] by another[?] one – tho he faints[?]!

JB_128_421.xml

Title: [1818 Dec. r 31 Parl. Reform Bill]

Description: 1818 Dec. r 31

Parl. Reform Bill

Dialogue

Preliminary View

Evils and Remedies

Remedies

Miselection

Representatives situation

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Anti-Reformist. Providence /Foresight/ {I see} in plenty: I wish I could say /see/

as much for delicacy. Providence /Foresight/ - I mean as employed against annoyance

in a physical shape in the House. But your stock of remedies against Miselection, is

it quite /already/ exhausted, am I to understand it is exhausted?

Reformist. Not altogether. There are certain instruments force and fraud I mean by

which (as you /we/ have seen Non-Election and Null Election are capable of being

produced: by force and fraud, whether applied to the situation of Representative or

to that of Elector. By those same instruments so may Mis-election. By a lying story,

by confinement applied to the individual or by obstruction applied to the roads

/avenues/, the Electors in any number may be prevented from giving their votes,

proposed Members or persons who should have been proposed may be prevented from

receiving or doing what was /would have been/ necessary to the receiving a /in/

sufficient number of votes. Practices of this sort may be obviated partly by {such}

penal arrangements such as those by which /defence[?] or

provided against/ the same instruments to whatsoever other mischievous purposes they

are applied, partly as you will see by precautionary arrangements in the face of

which nothing of a penal character is visible.

[marginal insertion:] By any /In /Of/ any such/ of these enormities the effect may be

to put an exclusion upon some individual by whom the seat would otherwise have been

filled, and in comparison of whom the one by whom it comes in consequence to be

filled is unfit: and this being supposed, miselection is the effect.

130_054.xml

Title: [25 Dec r 1809 Parl y Reform]

Description: 25 Dec r 1809

Parl y Reform

+ '.1

Influence

Ch.12. IV. Vote bought - corruption liquidated[?]

'.1. State mischief 1 st order small

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What is the mischief of a private job in comparison of d o of a Human[?] continuation of a war

Ch.12. Continuation IV. The corruption occasional; benefit gained or sought, a particular vote: matter of corruption liquidated.[?]

'.1. 1. Mischief to the state.

'.1. 1. Mischief to the state from such a source, inconsiderable, because improbable.

Supposing the fact exemplified /ever realized/, the mischief in this case can never be stated as ideal /purely/.

But if any real mischief be in this way produced, one of these things /one or other of these results/ four-result must have taken place - a bad measure made worse, or a good measure made /rendered/ less good.

Moreover in each instance to produce the mischievous result it is not sufficient that the corrupt /purchased/ vote should have been given or speech made, it is necessary that the corrupted vote should in company /with the help/ of others corrupt or incorrupt be /have been/ one of a majority, or the speech have had the effect of procuring /compleating/ one or in the opposite case that by the vote or the speech the good measure absolutely or comparatively good measure should be deprived of a majority how ever supposing the mischievous result to have sometimes taken place, the mischief from their narrow source must be next to nothing in comparison with the all extensive ones above mentioned.

It must have had for its cause, or what comes to the same thing its accompaniment either a connivance on the part of the Ministry, or a surprize upon the Ministry.

If a connivance on the part of the Ministry, then the Mischief is not of that sort which belongs to the present case; the fault lies in the corrupt connivance; thence in the system of all pervading corruption to which such connivances are so natural, and by which th connivance was produced.