JB_128_018.xml

Title: [2 June 1819 Disfranchising]

Description: 2 June 1819

Disfranchising

§.5. Evil 4 Multiplying Country Members

6

§.5. Evil 4. Multiplying Country Members.

49.

With relation to every other each man has a common and an opposite interest. In

virtue of his opposition but for the various sanctions he would be an oppressor. In

proportion as they and particularly the legal, and in that the Constitutional are

good and strong he is withheld from being so: in proper time as they are had on weak,

left unrestrained or helped. In U.S. Constitutional Law is good and strong:

oppression unknown: Anglice[?] d o. weak and rotten: oppressed by

Monarch and Aristocracy triumphant and unchecked.

50.

Between Country Gentlemen and others, there is probity: now as to intellectual

aptitude and active talent.

51.

In the Country Gentleman see probable cause of either quality in any degree. By no

deficiency in either need Lord be prevented from putting a ten of his in a seat.

52.

In no such weak state can the mind of the mercantile man be: in him activity is kept

up by personal stronger and steadier than any public interest His is a habit of

activity with a fund of practical knowledge acquired by experience and observation.

Knowledge, judgment and activity compose a Capital transferable from one business to

another.

53.

Anti Reformist. Would you exclude Country Gentlemen?

54.

Reformist No more than you. My wish is that 1. As to

probity, finding themselves unable to sacrifice universal to peculiar personal

interest, they sh d. confine their aim to the advancement of their

share in the universal interest: as to intellectual that the rich father excluded

from his competition by intellectual inaptitude may by appropriate education stock

with the requisite matter the vanities in his son’s mind.

55.

The worst I wish is in that class which in virtue of its property would if possessed

of adequate appropriate aptitude would by the influence of understanding without d o. of will secure its present share of power to substitute to

individuals possessing it in every shape.

56.

(General rules have exceptions. Here whoever chooses to make himself an exception, is

so.) –

114-010.xml

Title: [1822 June 17 Economy etc Hence]

Description: 1822 June 17

Economy etc

Hence for instruction and remembrance and standards of reference we have these formulae /axioms./ /aphorisms./

1 Sole justifiable end of laws, greatest happiness of greatest number

2. Immediate direct means or immediately subordinate end, aptitude maximized on the part of functionaries of all sorts employed in /about/ and under the law, appropriate aptitude maximized maximization of appropriate aptitude.

3 Collateral means or /and/ immediately subordinate end, expence minimized minimization of expence.

I. Aptitude

Appropriate aptitude is aptitude with relation to the end Inaptitude is the absence or the opposite of aptitude. In the case of a functionary of Government appropriate aptitude is appropriate official aptitude.

In /Of/ appropriate official aptitude with relation to the end of government and laws three branches or elements may /require to/ be distinguished, namely 1. Appropriate moral aptitude: 2. appropriate intellectual aptitude: 3. appropriate active aptitude

Appropriate intellectual aptitude again requires to be distinguished into 1. appropriate knowledge: 2. appropriate judgment.

For maximizing appropriate official aptitude in these its several branches the arrangements and other means employed by the Constitutional branch of law may be termed Securities for these several branches of appropriate official aptitude: These securities for it, are so many efficient causes of it: they respectively so many concurrent causes: the aptitude produced by them, their joint /common/ effect.

JB_024_465v.xml

Title: [1821 Nov. 11 or 12 Codification Offer '.8]

Description: 1821 Nov. 11 or 12 Codification Offer '.8. Foreigner best '.2. II.

Intellectual aptitude 2. Knowledge

2. Under the head of appropriate intellectual aptitude, remains to be considered

appropriate knowledge.

In relation to this element of appropriate aptitude the native in the ordinary

state of things possesses an advantage alike obvious and unquestionable. On his

part, extent of acquaintance with the local and other particular circumstances

of the country in question is at its maximum; on the part of the foreigner, at

its minimum.

Supposing appropriate aptitude in all its other elements exactly equal on both

sides, the advantage of the native under this head would obviously and

unquestionably be sufficient to turn the scale in his favour and put an

exclusion upon the foreigner altogether.

But, for the reason already brought to view, it will have been seen whether,

individuals out of the question, and situation being compared with situation, in

the several articles of appropriate moral aptitude, and appropriate judgment the

superiority be not, and in no inconsiderable degree on the side of the foreigner

From his inferiority in the scale of appropriate knowledge, as above

particularized, no objection whatever to the placing the business in his hands

will be found to result: 1. The importance of the deficiency in his case is not

so great as it will be apt to appear 2 be it what it may, a compleat supply to

it stands assured: assured, from the authority to which his draught will of

course be referred.