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Different as they are in respect of their degrees of guilt, they agree so far however, as to be both of them referable without impropriety to the head of fraud: the one a criminal fraud, the other a venial fraud.
A fraud in general is where a man obtains or endeavours or studies to obtain by means of some false assertion expressed or implied – i:e: expressed by words or by behaviour expressed according to the nature of the transaction, some gain which is not his due and which he knows not to be his due /that asserts[?] or known by him to be false/.
A fraud relative to the Coin is where the medium by which the unlawful and known to be unlawful gain is made or attempted to be made is a mass of matter to which for this purpose endeavours are used to give the resemblance of some metallic mass to which a particular form has been given by the authority of the government of some political state for the purpose of certifying to mankind in general the quantity and quality of it.
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Title: [nd [wm 1794] Coin 7]Description: nd [wm 1794] Coin 7 The particular nature of the object imitated is if in any respect of moment, no otherwise so, than in as far as on the differences belonging to this topic depend either a correspondent difference with regard to the amount of the loss produced or else with regard to the description of the operations which are apt to be performed in the pursuit of the criminal gain connected with that loss.
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Title: [nd [wm 1794] Inserenda Observations]Description: nd [wm 1794] Inserenda Observations VI. Miscellanea § 45 102 Anonymous 2 {152} In the next place, whence comes the mischief of anonymous information, where it happens to be mischievous? – not solely from its being anonymous – not merely from the author’s being unknown: – to convert the danger into real mischief in any case, three circumstances more are requisite – viz: – that it be false as well as anonymous – and that it be acted upon – and acted upon to the prejudice of some individual, – as if it were true.
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Title: [[131a-024] nd [wm 1816] Parl]Description: [131a-024] nd [wm 1816] Parl Reform. J.B.s Answer to Antiballot Observations 1 o 2 1. Is it desirable that suffrage[?] should be otherwise than free 2. Can there be any assurance of freedom, otherwise than from secrecy? 3. Is it likely that a man who in the event of his being known to have given his suffrage in a certain way sees himself exposed from the sentiment[?] of this or that individual or from any other cause to evil, whether in the shape of loss or any other, an evil to the possible amount of which there are scarcely any limits (and which will to a very great proportion of the whole number of […?] amount to what is expressed by the words in the main[?]) would rather choose that this should be known than that it should remain for ever unknowable? 4. Is it desirable that a man who in the event of his being known to have given his suffrage in a certain way has it in his power to secure to himself a certain portion of gain or good in any other shape on condition of contributing to produce to the whole political state of which he is a member evil to an amount which in his eyes is more than equivalent to that good should have it in his power to cause this to be known: and that in this case[?] should be the great majority of the Electors.
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