date

[clviii. 340] 1822 June 12
[clviii. 340]

1822 June 12

11. Example. England.

I Government repugnant. Exciseman's pay ,100. For a bribe of ,│   │, he connives at a fraudulent operation by which manufacturer saves ,100: loss to Government, i.e. to Community, ,100. Bribe-giver, or corruptor here, the manufacturer: functionary corrupted, the Exciseman.

12. II Government accordant. Chief of State's pay in U.S. ,5525: Superfluous or not, this sufficient. Demand for addition none: nor evil, for want of addition, alledged.

Anglice? ,1,000,000. demand, intelligible or justifiable, for any more than the above ,5,000, none. Source of the pay, money from unwilling contributors: by all, proportionable loss felt. So much loss felt, so much evil, or those in whose eyes the production of it is justifiable rests the burthen of justifying it.

13. This not done nor doable, sinister sacrifice ,995,000. Corrupted and Corruptors Monarch and the members of the two coordinate bodies. Act prohibited or made punishable, none. Remedy, none but by substitution of the only justifiable form of Government to this unjustifiable one, as above.

14. As the extent of this sacrifice, and the correspondent corruption, so the diminution of functionaries appropriate moral aptitude.

15. Seen below, in regard to each of several securities for do. aptitude, employment given to them under English Government, either none or a minimum - thence in the whole Anglici appropriate moral aptitude minimized.
Similar Items
  • Title: [1822 June 12 Economy etc Thus]
    Description: 1822 June 12

    Economy etc

    Thus, /Take/ for /an/ example. Scene lies (say) in England. Excise man's lawful pay say ,100 a year. In consideration of a present ( a bribe in this case the language is) received by a manufacturer at whose hands it is his business to cause the produce of his proportion of a tax upon the manufactory to be received in the account of the Government, the Exciseman has connived at a fraudulent operation or state of things by which the manufacturer has gained ,100, the government which in this case is as much to say the /whole/ community at large suffered a loss to that same amount. Bribe-giver or Corrupter, the manufacturer: bribe-taker or functionary corrupted, the Exciseman.

    So much for the Exciseman the functionary on the lowest stage of the department of finance /in question/, in the lowest degree /stage/ /level/ in the scale of subordination.

    Come now to /Take in hand now/ the Monarch. Rise /Mount/ /Ascend/ now to the highest level. Take in hand the Monarch. Pay of the Chief of the State in the case of the Anglo-American United States, ,5,000. a year. Whether there be in it or be not any thing of superfluity, is at any rate sufficient. On no occasion has any demand for any addition been ever made: on no occasion has any public indication been afforded /given/ of preponderant evil in any individual shape as having been produced for want of an addition to such or such amount alledged to have been requisite. Pay of the Monarch say ,1,000,000 a year. intelligible and justifiable demand for any more than the abovementioned ,5,000 a year none ever brought to view or ever capable of being brought to view. Source of this pay money exacted from unwilling contributors /the whole nation/. Here to those same contributors so much loss: and in a greater or less degree by all those who are capable of feeling it, the whole of the loss felt. This feeling being so much correspondent evil, it rests on all such as are disposed and regard themselves as competent to the task of producing justification for this excess, to produce it.
  • Title: [[clviii. 342] 1822 June 14.]
    Description: [clviii. 342]

    1822 June 14.

    Economy etc.

    23. or 6. As to intercourse for the conveyance of Office appointed voting functionary's pocket, intercourse by words or other general instruments of discourse, is no more necessary between the one and the other than between Barrow Woman and Cat.

    24. or 7. Hence for loading a nation with 600 millions of Debt, and 100,000 soldiers in 30 years no more appropriate aptitude, moral, intellectual or active is necessary on the part of English Statesmen than is possessed by all Cats meat barrow women and all cats.

    25. or 1. On what Functionaries the corruption operates, and to whose prejudice, depends on the form of Government.

    26. or 2. Case 1. Absolute Monarchy. End of Government, Monarch's greatest happiness: people's happiness no object of regard. Of people, no delegates, Agents, and Trustees Here, sole sinister sacrifice do. of Monarchs interest.

    27. or 3. Note here difference between Monarchy and Republic.

    In both cases, ,5. Corruptors bribe. Suppose received by an Exciseman or other Tax-gathering functionary: loss to revenue ,100. Under a Republic, interest sacrificed is the people's interest: under Monarchy, the Monarch's: unless the defalcation is made up for by more taxes

    28. or 4. As to the position that the people do not form in a Monarchy any object of regard, the very fact that the government is a Monarchy suffices for demonstration of it.
  • Title: [[clviii. 339] 1822 June 12]
    Description: [clviii. 339]

    1822 June 12

    Economy

    Ch Securities for I. Moral Aptit.

    .1. Expository matter

    1. Appropriate moral aptitude, what: it has place in so far as, on each occasion, promotion of universal interest is the object of rulers in all functionaries' endeavours: whatsoever the effect on his personal or other particular interest.

    2. Laws and institutions apart, opposition of ruler's to people's interest diametrical.

    3. Example. Ruler single. People's interest requires that the aggregate of the instruments of external felicity be shared as near to equality as consistent with general security, and abundance necessary to security for subsistence.

    4. Monarch's interest requires, or (the same thing to practical purposes) is regarded by him as requiring, that the aggregate be at his absolute disposal.

    5. Thus between Monarch and people, opposition of interests diametrical.

    6. But so, between every man and all others - social habits and political institutions apart.

    Sole difference, Monarch has power of giving effect to his interest; individual, not

    7. Identification has place so far as do. opposition is removed. Except in so far as removed by social habits, the opposition being the natural state, only by laws and institutions can the identification be substituted.

    By what means, shows the remainder of the chapter.

    8. Identification failing, consequence proportionable sacrifice of universal to sinister interest - say sinister sacrifice.

    9. In functionary, corruption (political) has place in so far as by his act sinister sacrifice is knowingly effected or promoted.

    10. The evil less or greater, according to the relation borne to it by the state of the Government and the law. Sacrifice repugnant to government's object and │   │ and opposed by punishment, evil less: seat of it, individual mind: remedy, better execution of the law, or apter laws by the same government: sacrifice conformable to government's object and fundamental law, thence either established or determinately left unprohibited or unpunishable, seat of the evil, form of the Government: remedy, none but by change of do.: substituting to a form having for object a particular, a do. having for object universal interest

    14 June 1822. Memm

    Put Opposition before Identification.

     1. Appropriate aptitude what - its elements - Expence what - Relation between Aptitude and Expence Superfluous Expence - depredation Depredation, simple, aggravated.

    .2. I Securities for Moral Aptitude. General Security Removal of opposition of functionarys private interest to the universal interest - i.e. his share in do. Consequent sinister sacrifice. Natural Opposition shewn in Monarch's case 2. 3. 4 5. 6. 7. 8. 9

    .3. Sinister sacrifice exemplified. Difference - English State Chief and U.S. do. 12. 13. 14. 15

    .4. Corruption what. 9 10. 16. 17. Parties concerned - Corruptee - Corruptor 29 Party prejudiced

    .5. Corruptive effect how produced - Anglice?. [...? ...?] 18. 19. 20 21. 22. 23. 24. 35. 36. 37.

    .6. On whom, and to detriment to whose interest Corruption may operate. Corruption in rulers peculiar to Representative Government. 31. 32. 33. 34

    2 Principle of impunibility

    1. Practical Democratic[?] principle