15 Feb y 1813

Church II Topics Ch.6.

9 §.1. Abstract fitness

Part 5. Power over

Authority to

this purpose

(1) special & (2) general.

1. Special when its

effect is owing

to the character

of the person by

2 When general

the persuasion

operates as the

rest of the persons

in whom persuasion

is

supposed to exist.

The lowest special

authority is

where the man

is but one degree

above an

average man. -

The highest is so

great as to

outweigh any

general d o. Locke

would with an

Englishman have

more weight on a

point of metaphysics

than all

the Chinese empire.

Authority — intellectual authority — may to this purpose be distinguished into

special and general. Special it may be termed, in

so far as it by the consideration of the particular

character of the person by whose

understanding the influence is exercised that the effect

is produced on [the mind of] the person on whose understanding

the influence is exercised. In so far

as it is but general the persuasive force with which it

operates is susceptible of mathematical measurement:

it is in the exact ratio of the numbers

of the persons by the consideration of whose persuasion,

indigenous or adoptive, the adoptive persuasion in question is

produced. In the case Of special authority the lowest degree of

persuasive force with which it operates is that which is stands next above

the degree of persuasive force with which, in the way of general authority the authority

of an individual unknown and taken at random

would operate operates. The highest degree is so great high that

no assignable mass of general authority can be found assigned

so great, as that, in an intelligent mind, a single

atom of special authority may not be powerful

enough to surmount it. To this case among others

applies the adage - pendere non numero. In the

mind of a literally educated inhabitant of Great Britain,

on a question belonging to the department of metaphysics,

as it is so commonly called — of logic, as it ought rather

to be called — the special authority of Mr Locke will suffice

to outweigh the general authority of the whole Chinese

empire: to which may be added all the other oriental ones.
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    Church II. Topics Ch 6. Declaration

    10 § 1. Abstract fitness

    Part 5. Persuasion

    (a)?

    The force

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    authority is as his

    wisdom — of his coercive

    d o as his power.

    But when power

    is joined with folly

    & wickedness deception the product

    of coercion. Hence

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    deceptions. - suggested

    Note (a)?

    In so far as When the authority which

    operates is of the intellectual kind, the force with which

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    whose authority it is that operates. In so far as it is

    of the coercive kind, it is necessarily as his power.

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    many over whom

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    the most consummate folly. Thus On this ground it is that

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    the general result. Hence it is, that, in

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    a word, that by the idea of forcibly-persuasive process the above mentioned term forcibly-deceptions

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    Church Ch. 6.

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    In practice the

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    Description: 16 Feb y 1813 +

    Church II Topics Ch.6. declaration

    14 §1. Abstract

    Part 5. Power over

    (1)

    By what has been

    said it has been

    shown that when

    a body of authority

    has been collected

    (no matter how) credence

    may be obtained

    not only to unintelligible

    but to

    what did a man

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    examine it would

    clearly appear

    false.

    By From what has been said, it has been it is rendered, it is supposed

    sufficiently tolerably evident, how it is that, [when, a com

    no matter by what means, a competent body of authority —

    intellectual authority - has been collected,] credence

    may be obtained for any one imaginable proposition

    as well as any other: - obtained not only

    for a proposition, of to the terms of which [+]

    [+] as in the case of an

    unknown language

    [+] as in the case of

    a point-blank contradiction

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    the person individual proposed believer to be persuaded

    neither does answer or so much as concerns

    himself able to to annex any meaning, but to a proposition,

    the falsity of which, were he to permitt suffer himself

    to attend to it with a view the purpose of forming an indigenous

    persuasion concerning in relation to it, would have been impressed upon

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    The

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    in part forcibly

    decepti ous may be

    in another part, freely

    deceptious - In the

    first place coercion

    is employed in the

    second place intellectual

    authority

    or of persuasion

    to which, real authority

    is not necessary.

    that in this case the same process which in

    one part viz. the first former part of its operation is forcibly deceptious, may

    in another part, viz the latter part of its operation, be

    freely deceptious. In the first former part coercive authority

    is the instrument that operates: and the product

    is declaration of persuasion: in the latter part

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    that is composed of the such appearance or semblance of that persuasion

    the declaration of which hath, as above,

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    [+] to the production

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    real persuasion of

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    or adoptive is necessary;

    necessary to it? - no,

    nor yet compatible with

    it in so far as force

    is the instrument by

    which the declaraton

    has been produced.