date

22 Aug. 1801 Polit. Economy
22 Aug. 1801

Polit. Economy

33

3

In like manner in the case of exportation the decrease is only relative: exportation alone being considered, by so much as the wealth of this community is decreased, that of some other is decreased: in relation to the world at large the quantity suffers not in either case any change.

In general, import in respect of one portion of wealth does not take place, but export in respect to another and correspondent position - a portion generally regarded as being of equal value takes place at nearly the same time: the transfer or self-deprivation having the acquisition for what in the language of English law is called its consideration, and in the language of general logic its final cause: but between community and community, as between individual and individual, from motives of fear, amity, or remote personal interest it will sometimes happen that export from this community shall take place without a correspondent import into this from that: import into this, without export from this into that: though import into this can not take place (unless it be from spots occupied in common by the two, such as the greater part of the sea, and some unappropriated parts of the land) without export from that.

Consumption again takes place in either of two ways: purposely in the way of use - or undesignedly, in the way of deperition, without use
Similar Items
  • Title: [22 Aug 1801 Polit. Economy]
    Description: 22 Aug 1801

    Polit. Economy

    32

    2

    { I. How far the measures regularly suggested by these two branches of the common

    end agree - how far they differ - and which require the preference.

    II. Matter of wealth divided into 1. Articles of subsistence: 2. Instruments of

    Security or defence: 3. Instruments of mere enjoyment.(a)}

    Note (a)

    Matter of wealth, what.

    The quantity of wealth or matter of wealth existing in a community at the end of

    a given span of time (say 40 years) will be as the quantity of wealth existing

    therein at the commencement of the period - plus the[?] quantity of wealth

    brought /that has come/ into it, minus the quantity that has gone out of it.

    Hence two modes of encreasing the quantity of wealth: 1. the direct and positive

    mode - encreasing the quantity that comes in: 2. the indirect and negative mode

    - diminishing the quantity that goes out.

    Wealth has two sources, to which correspond two modes of coming in to a

    community: 1. home-production; 2. importation

    It has in like manner two correspondent modes of going out: consumption and

    exportation.

    In the case of importation the encrease is only relative, relation being had to

    the community in question: importation alone being considered, by so much as the

    wealth of this community is encreased, by so much as the wealth of some other

    community decreased.
  • Title: [6 March 1804 Precognita Ch]
    Description: 6 March 1804

    Precognita

    Ch.1 Analysis

    1

    Political Economy - Analysis

    1. Political Economy a science and an art. p.1.

    2 General end in view of Government. p.1.

    3. End of government in respect of political economy - augmentation of wealth and

    population. p.1.

    4. Opulence in ratio of wealth to population. p.1.

    5. Agreement and opposition as between wealth and population. p.2.

    6. Matter of wealth is subservient to -

    1. Subsistence

    2. Security.

    3. Mere enjoyment. p.2.

    7. Quantity of matter to wealth is as original stock - plus increase - minus

    decrease. p.2.

    8. Modes of increase -

    1. positive - 2. diminution of decrease. p.2.

    9. Encrease is by -

    1. Home produce -

    2. Importation - p.2.

    10. Decrease by -

    1. Consumption -

    2. Exportation. p.2.

    11 In importation decrease is only as to the community, not as to the world. p.2.

    12 So, in exportation, decrease. p.3.

    13. Import is generally attended with correspondent export, but not necessarily.

    p.3.

    14. Consumption is -

    1. in the way of use -

    2. by deperition. p.3.
  • Title: [Manual Books & Chapters Facienda]
    Description: Manual

    Books & Chapters

    Facienda 29. Jan 1795

    1

    Whole Sheet table of topics touched upon by Smith. to be struck though in proportion as they are touched upon here.

    2

    Do of topics not touched upon by him - but which have been or are likely to be started.

    B I

    General Matter

    1

    Introduction - This why necessary, notwithstanding Smith's.

    2

    Fundamental principles.

    3

    {Modes of operating in the power of government in the pursuit of the ends of political economy.}

    4

    Regard due to subsisting interests - or Dangers to be guarded against in a change Bec[?] No 30.

    5

    Ways in which national wealth is capable of receiving an encrease.

    or

    Possible Modes of Encrease

    B. I

    6

    Limits of the subject of Political Economy.

    with

    Distributive Law

    Penal Law

    Military department

    Police.

    Addendum - in the first or last place

    What to be done in respect of Security in point of Subsistence

    Further modes of encouragement

    1. Securing of existing markets for manufacturing - with or without competition - Foreign or Colonial

    2. Acquisition of new markets - (with or without competition) foreign or colonial

    Encrease of transportable capital by converting an untransportable not transportable by making a transportable security for or representative of untransportable.

    B II

    Encouragement - ineligible modes

    Direct

    + 1 + 1

    Loan of Capital

    + 2 + 2

    Gift of Capital

    + 3 3

    Bounties on production on production. Corn in Ireland - This not for subsistence.

    + 4 4

    Bounties on Export.

    + 5 5

    Drawbacks on Exportation

    In embryo

    8 13

    Bounties on import of raw materials

    9 12

    Bounties on production of raw materials

    Indirect or ex[?] opposite[?]

    10 18

    Prohibition of rival productions

    Woollen Burial Act

    Button Act

    11 19

    Prohibition of rival imports.

    12 20

    Prohibition of rival exports

    6 8

    Prohibition of exportation in /of/ the article meant to be favoured the instance of Gold and silver. - Refer to B.III.

    7 9

    Taxes on exportation of the article meant to be favoured

    Gold and Silver Quere if exemplified - Refer to B.III

    10

    Bounties on Import of the article in respect of which wealth is meant to be encreased.

    11

    Exemption from or forbearance of taxes on import

    B II

    Indirect

    13 21

    Taxation (for discouragement sake) of rival productions

    14 22

    Taxation (for discouragement's sake) of rival importations.

    15 23

    Taxation (for discouragement's sake) of rival exportations.

    16 24

    Non-importation agreements.

    Detail[?]

    17 6

    Exemption from taxes on production

    + 18 7

    Exemption from or Forbearance of taxes on export.

    In ovo[?] in limientum[?]

    19 14

    Exemption from taxes on production of raw materials

    20 15

    Exemption from taxes on importation of raw materials.

    + 21 16

    Prohibition of export of raw materials

    22 17

    Taxation of export of raw materials.

    B II

    Tools

    + 23 27

    Prohibition of the exportation of materials on instruments of manufacture.

    + 24 28

    Taxation on the exportation of materials or instruments of manufacture.

    Hands

    + 25 29

    Prohibition of the emigration of hands workmen /tradesmen/.

    27 31

    Bounty on the emigration of hands workmen /tradesmen/

    26 30

    Taxation on the emigration of workmen /tradesmen/ /hands/.

    Through Foreign Government

    31

    Treaties protecting against discouragements applied to our exports

    32.

    Treaties protecting against discouragements applied to our imports.

    + 33

    Treaties securing encouragements to our exports.

    Tools

    25

    Bounties on production of the instruments of manufacture

    26

    Exemption from taxes on the production of instruments of manufacture.

    28 32

    Prohibition on the production of hands Cottage Act

    29 33

    Prohibition of the migration of hands from employment to employment - Settlement-Laws. Apprentice-ship Laws.

    30 34

    Expulsion of hands - Intolerant laws. Hawkers Act.

    9 4

    Prohibition on the giving to capital /to taxation/ the most lucrative direction. Fixation of Production of rate of interest.

    III

    + 1

    Bounties for production of capital. i:e: for frugality - Parable of the talents. Principle of equitization[?] the reverse. Scarce exemplified.

    + 2

    Bounties for import of capital - scarce exemplified. Jew Naturalization Act.

    3

    Bounties on export of capital -

    Plainly repugnant to the end -

    Not exemplified - except undeniably by the expence of acquiring & retaining Colonies.

    4

    Prohibitions on consumptions of capital. Sumptuary Laws, intended to do this.

    + 5

    Prohibitions on export of capital wealth and thence of capital -Gold & Silver.

    Bullion & Coin.

    + 6

    Taxes on export of capital

    Absentee-Taxes.

    + 7

    Prohibitions of import of Capital

    Fixation & reduction of the rate of interest.

    Reduction of the rate of interest

    + 8

    Taxes on import of taxes /capital tax[?]/ on rate of interest.