JB_017_346.xml

Title: [11 March 1804 Wealth I. 1. +]

Description: 11 March 1804

Wealth I. 1. +

2

Political Economy - Method - Sponte Acta

Matter / Source.

1. Matter - Sources - 1. Land. 2. Water. p.9.

2. 2. Modifications - improved or unimproved - p.9.

3. - unimproved - 1. Mineral. 2. Vegetable. 3. Animal. p.9.

4. Use immediate or subservient. p.10.

5. Immediate use - when immediately applicable to subsistence security or

enjoyment. p.10.

6. Subservient use - when not immediately applicable. p10.

Motion 1 Motion may be communicated without contact or by contact. p.10

* 2. Primum mobiles for the increase of wealth. 1. Descent of heavy bodies. 2.

Water. 3. Wind. p.11. 4. Expansion and contraction of air. 5. Volition. 6.

Labour - human or brute. p.12.

1. Operations by which increase of wealth is promoted. 1. Discovery of source of

raw materials. 2. Discovery of land from which the raw material may be

extracted. 3. Extraction of the raw material from the land. p.13.

2. French Economists opinion - no value but what is derived from extraction. p.14

/13x/.

3. Practical inference all Taxes should be assessed. i:e: direct. p.14 /13x/.

4. This is sufficient to refute this opinion, which it takes up pages to do in A

Smith p.13x.

Encrease modes

1. Encrease of wealth is 1. Positive 2. Negative = prevention of decrease. p.1

2. Negative is by 1. keeping in Preservation 2. Relative increase of articles

liable to go out. p.1.

3. Modes of departure - destruction - exportation - p.

4. Deperition - partial or deteriorative. p.2

5 Production of deperition - 1 Destructive - 2 Endamagent. p.2.

6 Reference to Civil & Penal law. p 2

Encrease cause.

1. Encrease of wealth is produced either by increase of labour or by increase of

the efficiency of labour. p.1

2. If by efficiency the quantity of increase will depend on the efficiency with

which the expelled hands are employed. p.2

3. Capital remaining the same, the result of any saving of labour by machinery

(for instance half) must be the discharge of half the men. p.2.

4. Capital remaining the same as before, the labour employed about machinery

being more expensive, would render a still further decrease of men necessary.

p.3.

JB_017_237.xml

Title: [22 Aug 1801 Polit. Economy]

Description: 22 Aug 1801

Polit. Economy

32

2

{ I. How far the measures regularly suggested by these two branches of the common

end agree - how far they differ - and which require the preference.

II. Matter of wealth divided into 1. Articles of subsistence: 2. Instruments of

Security or defence: 3. Instruments of mere enjoyment.(a)}

Note (a)

Matter of wealth, what.

The quantity of wealth or matter of wealth existing in a community at the end of

a given span of time (say 40 years) will be as the quantity of wealth existing

therein at the commencement of the period - plus the[?] quantity of wealth

brought /that has come/ into it, minus the quantity that has gone out of it.

Hence two modes of encreasing the quantity of wealth: 1. the direct and positive

mode - encreasing the quantity that comes in: 2. the indirect and negative mode

- diminishing the quantity that goes out.

Wealth has two sources, to which correspond two modes of coming in to a

community: 1. home-production; 2. importation

It has in like manner two correspondent modes of going out: consumption and

exportation.

In the case of importation the encrease is only relative, relation being had to

the community in question: importation alone being considered, by so much as the

wealth of this community is encreased, by so much as the wealth of some other

community decreased.

JB_017_238.xml

Title: [22 Aug. 1801 Polit. Economy]

Description: 22 Aug. 1801

Polit. Economy

33

3

In like manner in the case of exportation the decrease is only relative: exportation alone being considered, by so much as the wealth of this community is decreased, that of some other is decreased: in relation to the world at large the quantity suffers not in either case any change.

In general, import in respect of one portion of wealth does not take place, but export in respect to another and correspondent position - a portion generally regarded as being of equal value takes place at nearly the same time: the transfer or self-deprivation having the acquisition for what in the language of English law is called its consideration, and in the language of general logic its final cause: but between community and community, as between individual and individual, from motives of fear, amity, or remote personal interest it will sometimes happen that export from this community shall take place without a correspondent import into this from that: import into this, without export from this into that: though import into this can not take place (unless it be from spots occupied in common by the two, such as the greater part of the sea, and some unappropriated parts of the land) without export from that.

Consumption again takes place in either of two ways: purposely in the way of use - or undesignedly, in the way of deperition, without use