date

1823 Feb. 10 Greece Constitution
1823 Feb. 10

Greece Constitution © J.B's Observations Introduction

But, in so far as with relation to service in the shape in question dignity

constitutes /is/ a reward apt in shape, natural dignity, without any factitious

assistance or embellishment other than than that which consists in publicity is

a sufficient and in comparison of all others accurately well©proportioned

/rightly seated/ reward: whereas no factitious dignity, it being in each rank

the same thing for all who are invested with it, no factitious dignity can ever

unless by mere accident be in /bear/ any thing like a correct proportion to

service: and may to any amount and in practice may to any amount be seen to be

conferred in such sort as to be altogether mis seated: bestowed upon those by

whom no service to the universal interest has ever been or so much as pretended

to have been rendered rendered in any shape: in such sort as to be, in respect

of justice, on a footing exactly corresponding to punishment when inflicted on

him by whom no offence has in any shape shape been committed.

4. Attaching to these same situations power of patronage in excess Power of

patronage is power of placing men in situations to which power of the coercive

kind, or pecuniary emolument, or factitious dignity, or other power of

patronage, severally or conjunctly are attached In this way by one and the same

situation, desire on the part of two different functionaries is excited and

gratified: the protege™áÚá and the patron the functionary placed /located/, and

the functionary placing /locating/: the ”protege™áÚá• and the ”patron•.

Correspondent to every mass of effective power as above is a mass of obstruction

which if and when the obstruction proves effective /effectual/ is preventive

power.

A mass of preventive power is /has of late years been/ stiled in one word a

”Veto•.¼(¼a¼) A power of suspension has the effect of a veto while it lasts: it

may be stiled a ”suspensive veto•

A power of obstruction © a power to obstruct has in so far as it operates /has

any distinctly perceptible effect/ the effect of a suspensive Veto: and by every

instance of the exercise of a suspensive Veto the chance[?] of its proving an

effective Veto is produced. For the production of this effect, the accident of

intervening death is in the instance of every individual of itself sufficient.

¼(¼a¼)From the Roman Verb in the active mood present tense first person

singular, Veto I forbid.
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  • Title: [1823 Feb. 10 Greek Constitut. Observations]
    Description: 1823 Feb. 10

    Greek Constitut. Observations

    Introduction

    ?.4. Sinister sacrifice its modes

    A power of obstruction © a mass of obstructive power may be created with or without disguise: with or without a mask.

    A power of obstruction is created in every instance in which to the exercise of any mass of effective power the concurrence of a certain individual or of an individual in this or that situation is rendered necessary

    It may be created with a disguise on it or without a disguise on it: with a mask on it, or without a mask. It is created without a mask where it is conferred on express terms. There are divers ways /forms/ in which it may be created with a mask An example is where to the validity of a public document the signature of a certain individual, or of an individual in a certain situation is rendered necessary is upon examination of the terms of the arrangement found to be necessary

    Whether in this mode any effective power of obstruction be conferred, and if conferred, the degree and effective force of this power will depend on the possession or non©possession of power in another shape by the individual whose signature is thus rendered necessary. For example on the part of the Monarch in a Monarchy it has the effect of an integral Veto: on the part of a person officiating only in the character of an arbitrarily displaceable clerk Amaneunsis /Scribe/ to this or that high functionary or body of functionaries it conferrs no effective power on the displaceable Clerk: the person or persons on whom it conferrs /becomes/ an effective power are he or those to whom it belongs to displace the Clerk if they so please.

    Of an obstructive power in disguise In the Constitution in question various instances will be pointed out. They are presented by the several articles 24. 27. 30. 31. 36. 46. 54. 56. 57.
  • Title: [1823 Feb. 10 Greece. Constitution Observations]
    Description: 1823 Feb. 10 Greece. Constitution Observations Introduction ?.4. Sinister

    sacrifice © its modes

    On the other hand such is the blindness and power of self©partiality that while

    occupied in the establishment of arrangements the most decidedly adverse to the

    universal interest and the most decidedly favorable to his own particular

    interest nothing is more common than for a man to have succeeded and with very

    little difficulty in persuading himself in the persuasion /impregnating himself

    with the persuasion/ that the arrangement by which by the supposition a

    sacrifice has been made of the universal interest to such his particular

    interest has in fact been beneficial to the universal interest: for in this case

    the effect of the self©partiality will be to keep the mind steadily turned

    toward all arguments which tend to establish in it that convenient persuasion

    and as steadily turned away from those of which the tendency is to shake it.

    The principal shapes in which sacrifice is made of the universal interest to the

    particular interest of ruling functionaries taken in the aggregate are

    principally as follows

    1. Attaching respectively to the most influential situation masses of power over

    and above what the universal interest necessitates. Say viz in the first place

    coercive power, in integrality, or in fractional parts Say creation of power in

    excess Note that all power is established at the expence of all individuals

    subject to it

    2. Attaching also in excess to this same situation necessary of pecuniary

    emolument in masses. Note that all pecuniary emolument bestowed on functionaries

    is bestowed at theexpence of all who are made contributors to it.

    3. Attaching to these same situations power of patronage excess of factitious

    dignity. It will be shewn /seen/ presently that all factitious dignity is so

    much having place in excess. Factitious dignity is bestowed at the expence of

    all who are not invested with it. And every fresh mass of factitious dignity is

    bestowed at the expence of all those who are already invested with it as well as

    of all those who are not invested with it.

    For the bestowal of factitious dignity where any pretence condenscension is

    manifested, on the assigning of no apparent reason or pretence for it, the

    pretence consists in its being given as reward for meritorious service
  • Title: [[036-203v] 1821 June 27 '.9]
    Description: [036-203v]

    1821 June 27

    '.9. Draughtsman Gratuitous

    Set now before the eyes of candidates a mass of factitious reward: put aside for the present the consideration of the particular shapes of which this species of reward is susceptible: assuming only that pecuniary reward /constitutes/, if not the whole constitutes one ingredient in it.

    Of the reward naturally attached to the service, the public /people/ at large - the particular individuals indistinguishable, unassignable, are the conferring /adjudicating/ Judges: no offices, no factitious situations no patrons no patronage: no person or persons applying in that quality, designedly or undesignedly to the will and active faculties of the Candidates, the power of corruptive influence, in such sort as /tending/ to produce on the part of the candidates, corrupt obsequiousness: obsequiousness with reference to /as towards/ the particular and thence sinister interests and thence to the wishes rightly or erroneously presumed of these same persons in the character of possessors of the correspondent patronage.

    But factitious reward pecuniary reward in a pecuniary shape, factitious reward, to a greater or less amount being held up to view, corruptive influence on the one part, corrupt obsequiousness on the other, comes along with it - comes of necessity - comes of course. It /The boon/ can not be received, but there must be some hand by which it is conferred: here there is patronage: hands of a patron or patrons are the hands by which it is conferred. On the part of the patron on the part of the man of power /on the part of the patron, by means of the dependant/ here is an opportunity of ministering by means of the dependant to whatever may be his separate and sinister interests; on the part of the protege, the dependant protegé inducement - inducement ample - for employing himself in the course of this work, in ministering to that same purpose.