date

1823 Feb. 19 Greece Beginning
1823 Feb. 19

Greece

Beginning

Aptitude © appropriate aptitude is a term of relation /reference/: of the object /objects/ to which on this occasion it is intended to bear reference abundant mention has already been made the greatest happiness of the greatest number, and as a means conducive /subservient/ /with reference/ to that end, [...?] /closeness/ of dependence on the part of the possessors of each subordinate portion of authority to the will of the possessors of that supreme authority to which all others are subordinate.

In /Of/ appropriate aptitude as thus defined, three immediate branches all distinguishable from one another will be found observable: appropriate moral aptitude, appropriate intellectual aptitude, and appropriate active aptitude

By appropriate moral aptitude in so far as perfect understand on the part of the functionary in question the disposition and thus the desire and endeavour to contribute on every occasion in the exercise of his function to the utmost of his power to the attainment of the so often mentioned all embracing and only proper end.

As to the motives or say the inducements by which this desire and endeavour have been produced or say secured, the degree of desire and endeavour being given, they are in themselves as [...?] /immaterial/ with reference to the end as in most instances they are difficult to discover ascertain and demonstrate.

In the breasts /On the part/ of the majority of the delegates in a representative government constituted upon the abovementioned principles this /appropriate/ moral aptitude will generally speaking be in a sufficient degree possessed: between the personal interest of the functionary and his share in the universal interest such is the connection as to render the existence of this quality in a sufficient degree probable

On the part of the ruling functionaries in a pure Monarchy, in a pure Aristocracy © or in any government in which there is a mixture either of Monarchy or of Aristocracy, it is impossible. It is [...?] with that constantly [...?] self preference, on the which the whole species depends for its existence.
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    Hence for instruction and remembrance and standards of reference we have these formulae /axioms./ /aphorisms./

    1 Sole justifiable end of laws, greatest happiness of greatest number

    2. Immediate direct means or immediately subordinate end, aptitude maximized on the part of functionaries of all sorts employed in /about/ and under the law, appropriate aptitude maximized maximization of appropriate aptitude.

    3 Collateral means or /and/ immediately subordinate end, expence minimized minimization of expence.

    I. Aptitude

    Appropriate aptitude is aptitude with relation to the end Inaptitude is the absence or the opposite of aptitude. In the case of a functionary of Government appropriate aptitude is appropriate official aptitude.

    In /Of/ appropriate official aptitude with relation to the end of government and laws three branches or elements may /require to/ be distinguished, namely 1. Appropriate moral aptitude: 2. appropriate intellectual aptitude: 3. appropriate active aptitude

    Appropriate intellectual aptitude again requires to be distinguished into 1. appropriate knowledge: 2. appropriate judgment.

    For maximizing appropriate official aptitude in these its several branches the arrangements and other means employed by the Constitutional branch of law may be termed Securities for these several branches of appropriate official aptitude: These securities for it, are so many efficient causes of it: they respectively so many concurrent causes: the aptitude produced by them, their joint /common/ effect.
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    ? Means for the accomplishment of the immediately subordinate end intituled /designated by the words/ aptitude maximized.

    Note that for the securing of appropriate aptitude on the part of suubordinates in their several grades an indispensable means and the main [...?] to be considered and provided is the securing it in the supreme grade or grades: for in him or them who are supreme in those functionaries by whom the supreme grades are occupied will be the choice and direction of those by whom the grades respectively subordinate to theirs are occupied.

    Of all the several branches of appropriate, moral aptitude is the highest in importance. For unless to a sufficient degree this be present, the higher the degree appropriate aptitude in those other branches the more effectually will the functionary labour in the performance of the sinister sacrifice

    The degree of appropriate moral aptitude produced in and by a body of Constitutional law will be the higher the more effectually /nearer/ the personal interest of the functionary is brought to a coincidence with the universal interest and thereby with his share in the universal interest: the less widely in the pursuit of the actual end of government on the part of any ruler he deviates from the only right and proper end.
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    In every case, the false conception or false judgment, whichsoever be the word produced, is the concepton or judgment of appropriate aptitude in its several shapes, with relation to the business of Government, as having existence in the hands by which the power in question is possessed and exercised. Conception may be the word in consideration of the rapidity with which the delusive effect is produced: judgment, in consideration of the permanence of the effects which, by this means, are produced.

    On this occasion as on others, aptitude is to be considered with reference to the end: with reference to the production of the effect the production of which is the end in view. In the present instance, Government being the means, the greatest happiness of the greatest number is the only defensible end. On the part of the person or persons in question, aptitude, then, is aptitude for the producing - thence probability of their producing the greatest happiness of the greatest number, as above.

    On this occasion as on every other, of this aptitude there will be three distinguishable shapes, elements or branches: viz appropriate moral aptitude, appropriate intellectual aptitude, appropriate active talent.

    Under a Representative Democracy, the probability of consummate aptitude in every one of these shapes is at its maximum.

    Under an absolute Monarchy, the probability of appropriate aptitude in these several shapes is at its maximum.

    Under a limited monarchy, the probability of appropriate aptitude in these its several shapes is at a middle point betwixt the maximum and the minimum as above. The delusive effect /conception and judgment/ endeavoured to be produced, and but too extensively produced accordingly, is this - viz. that in an absolute Monarchy, and so in a limited monarchy, on the part of the possessor and possessors of power, appropriate aptitude, if not with relation to the only defensible end as above, at any rate with relation to the proper business of Government, whatsoever it be, is consummate.