date

1823 Feb. 19 Greece Beginning
1823 Feb. 19

Greece

Beginning

Of Appropriate intellectual aptitude there are again two distinguishable branches: 1. appropriate knowledge or say information, and appropriate judgment say /in other words/ scientific aptitude, and judicial aptitude

Of appropriate moral aptitude the degree will depend upon the conjunct effective force of á³á á³á distinguishable causes: namely 1. original or innate disposition, and superventitious inducements.

These [...?] /sources/ by which these inducements will principally be furnished are 1. the force of the popular or moral sanction, as applied by the Public Opinion Tribunal: 2. the force of the political including the legal sanction, as applied by the power of the judicial tribunals and by the other powers exercised by the several functionaries of government. In addition to the force of these sanctions may be added or at the force of the sympathetic sanction acting on a scale commensurate to that of the the whole community and having for its object the happiness of the whole, and the force of the religious sanction But as applied to the conduct of public functionaries the force of these two sanctions does not always exist in any perceptible quantity, and where it does exist /has place/ is not exposed to any such principle of measurement as has place in the case of the two sanctions abovementioned.

Of appropriate scientific aptitude the degree will be in the conjunct ratio of the effective force of á³á á³á causes 1. innate disposition as above. 2. absence or presence of apt means and sources of information: 3 effective force of such inducements the tendency of which is to engage the individual in the endeavour to possess himself /become possessed/ of appropriate aptitude in the shape here in question by the application of such means to their respective ends.
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  • Title: [1823 Feb. 19 Greece Beginning]
    Description: 1823 Feb. 19

    Greece

    Beginning

    Of appropriate active aptitude the degree possessed by the functionary in question will in like manner be in the conjunct ratio of innate aptitude, and the effective force of the inducements by which in the situation it has happened to him to occupy he has been led to give added vigour to his innate appropriate aptitude, and at the same time to make application of it to operations bearing more or less analogy to the functions of the Office with relation to which his appropriate aptitude is considered.

    Exposure to the effective force of the several sanctions spoken of /here just mentioned/ as capable of furnishing inducements promotive of appropriate aptitude whether with relation to the exercise of a public function such as the above or to the /a persons/ general condition in life whether endowed or not /invested or not/ with any such public function is commonly termed responsibility © his responsibility

    Responsibility is accordingly according to the nature of the sanction by which the inducements are considered /regarded/ as afforded distinguishable into political including legal responsibility, and moral responsibility the degree of it being the degree of his exposure to the force of the /action of the/ popular or moral sanction, as applied by the Public Opinion Tribunal.

    Note that to each such sanction belong two distinguishable branches © the punitory or say penal, and the remuneratory: the penal, in the case where the inducement is constituted /[...?]/ by the eventual expectation or fear of pain; the remunerative, in the case where it consists in the eventual expectation or hope of pleasure that is to say of the possession of any such things as are commonly regarded as instruments of pleasure or of good in its other shape exemption from pain.

    Note however that by any eventual expectation of the matter of good whether in its positive or its negative shape as above no such condition as that of /the sort of condition commonly designated by the word/ responsibility is in common language considered /regarded/ as being constituted /brought to view/.
  • Title: [1823 Feb. 19 Greece Beginning]
    Description: 1823 Feb. 19

    Greece

    Beginning

    Aptitude © appropriate aptitude is a term of relation /reference/: of the object /objects/ to which on this occasion it is intended to bear reference abundant mention has already been made the greatest happiness of the greatest number, and as a means conducive /subservient/ /with reference/ to that end, [...?] /closeness/ of dependence on the part of the possessors of each subordinate portion of authority to the will of the possessors of that supreme authority to which all others are subordinate.

    In /Of/ appropriate aptitude as thus defined, three immediate branches all distinguishable from one another will be found observable: appropriate moral aptitude, appropriate intellectual aptitude, and appropriate active aptitude

    By appropriate moral aptitude in so far as perfect understand on the part of the functionary in question the disposition and thus the desire and endeavour to contribute on every occasion in the exercise of his function to the utmost of his power to the attainment of the so often mentioned all embracing and only proper end.

    As to the motives or say the inducements by which this desire and endeavour have been produced or say secured, the degree of desire and endeavour being given, they are in themselves as [...?] /immaterial/ with reference to the end as in most instances they are difficult to discover ascertain and demonstrate.

    In the breasts /On the part/ of the majority of the delegates in a representative government constituted upon the abovementioned principles this /appropriate/ moral aptitude will generally speaking be in a sufficient degree possessed: between the personal interest of the functionary and his share in the universal interest such is the connection as to render the existence of this quality in a sufficient degree probable

    On the part of the ruling functionaries in a pure Monarchy, in a pure Aristocracy © or in any government in which there is a mixture either of Monarchy or of Aristocracy, it is impossible. It is [...?] with that constantly [...?] self preference, on the which the whole species depends for its existence.
  • Title: [1823. Feb. 21 Greece Beginning]
    Description: 1823. Feb. 21

    Greece

    Beginning

    2. In respect of appropriate aptitude, it is the interest of the community, that of all the several individuals employed in its service in the quality of public functionaries, the aptitude be at all times at a maximum: at any rate at the highest point up to which it ever be raised by such expence as can be afforded.

    But as to the several /each several/ functionaries/y/ by whom whether in that character /situation/ or in the situation of patrons to whom belong the placing of this or that functionary of a grade subordinate to his own, it is his interest that so long as his own security is not sensibly affected by any deficiency the degree of appropriate aptitude without the existence /possession/ of which on the part of the functionary the Office can not be filled be as small as possible © be at a minimum. For the higher the degree of aptitude is which is thus rendered indispensable, the greater is the number of those who by the non©possession of it stand excluded: and the greater the number of those who stand thus excluded, the narrower are the limits within which his choice is thereby confined. In the family of the patron suppose a dependent a son for example who whether by innate disposition, or by want of acquired qualifications is altogether /utterly/ unable to make of himself any provision for his own subsistence. If in relation to a certain Office matters have been so ordered that without being in possession a certain acquirement a man can not be placed in /find his way into/ it, the patron will remain under the necessity of making provision for this son at his own expence. But if the need of being in possession of this same acquirement has no place, so it is that by placing in the Office this unapt son of his, the patron is enabled to save himself from the burthen of that portion of expence.