date

1822 Oct. 24 Tripoli Pursuasive
1822 Oct. 24

Tripoli

Pursuasive to Pasha

4. In such a state of things, individual foreigners would by degrees be found who would venture to embark their capitals in enterprizes of such descriptions as the above

5. Loans might even be obtained by Government for the establishment of any such such public works, as might be too great for the purses of individuals. This advantage will receive considerable facility from the extraordinary accumulation of capital that has taken place of late years in the European nations, and the diminution in the rate of annual profit in return for the use of it.

6. The Pasha's revenue consists in the whole or in great part in a tax on the produce of the soil. Such produce can never receive any considerable encrease, but from a proportionate encrease in the quantity of labour and money laid out upon it in the shape of capital: and the quantity of capital can never receive any considerable encrease but from a correspondent encrease in the degree of general security: and the degree of general security can never receive any considerable encrease but from a correspondent change in the constitution. Where in respect of person and property every man's lot depends upon the momentarily changeable and never assuredly knowable /cognoscible/ will of a single individual no human being in the country can with reason regard himself as safe, and least of all the Sovereign. By keeping every human being in the country in a state of perpetual insecurity, danger and alarm, he converts every man into a natural enemy and keeps himself in the character of an enemy to them exposed to hostile retribution at their hands.
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  • Title: [1822 Nov. 15. Tripoli. Securities against]
    Description: 1822 Nov. 15. Tripoli. Securities against Misrule Preliminary Explanations Ch

    Bashaws Inducement ?.2. Extra-regarding

    1. First then all encrease of wealth is altogether dependent on sense of

    security /the general perception and anticipation/. No considerable encrease of

    wealth can take place but by means of a proportionate encrease of capital. But

    no considerable encrease of capital employed in giving encrease to the quantity

    of growing wealth can take place without a proportionate /correspondent/

    encrease in the sense of security. Capital is money or moneys worth laid out in

    large masses in the hope of reimbursement with an encrease at the end of a

    length of time more or less considerable: say six, eight or ten years: or even

    without hope of reimbursement, on the condition that the returns each year

    though perhaps not more than a twentieth /twentyeth/ or five and twentieth or a

    thirtyeth of the capital advanced shall be perpetual and transferable.

    Whatsoever money or moneys worth a man has in store over and above what serves

    him for the current consumption of the year, if he can not obtain this security

    for any return that might otherwise be expected from the employment of, he will

    either hoard up, as a stock to serve him in case of casual demand on the score

    of distress by loss or otherwise, or if he employs it, he will employ it

    somewhere else /in some other country/ employ it that is to say either in giving

    encrease to the quantity of national wealth in some other country, or what comes

    to the same thing, in an indirect way, namely by occupying the place of an equal

    quantity which is thereby enabled and caused to be employed in encreasing

    /giving encrease to/ the quantity of national wealth in that same country, as

    above.
  • Title: [1822 Novr 15 Tripoli. Securities against]
    Description: 1822 Novr 15 Tripoli. Securities against Misrule Preliminary Explanations Ch.

    Bashaws Inducement ?.2. Extra-regarding

    Difference as to security between Mahometan and the worst Frank governments.

    So far as regards hope of encrease nothing can be more intimate than the

    connection between the interest of the Sovereign and that of his subjects taken

    in the aggregate, no one object more strictly dependent on another than is his

    opulence upon their opulence.

    In the existing state of things under the existing form of government, the

    Sovereign has at all times extracted from his subjects as much as was capable of

    being extracted from them: in this state of things all ulterior encrease to him

    without encrease to them being hopeless, remains as the only source of hope in

    regard to encrease to him such encrease whatsoever it may be, as may be derived

    from a correspondent encrease to them.

    But under the existing form of government any considerable encrease of wealth to

    them is impossible: all such encrease is altogether dependent on a sense - a

    general sense of security: this dependence will be explained presently. /in the

    first /next/ place./ But under the existing form of government such general

    sense of security is impossible: this impossibility will be explained in the

    next /first/ place.
  • Title: [1822 Nov. 15 Tripoli. - Securities against]
    Description: 1822 Nov. 15 Tripoli. - Securities against Misrule, Preliminary Explanations

    Ch Bashaws Inducements ?.2. Extra-regarding

    This impossibility of any considerable encrease of wealth to the nation and

    thence to the Sovereign without a correspondent encrease in the article of

    security - security against misrule - in consequence of /the fruit of/ the

    arbitrary power in the /his/ hands of the Sovereign will appear the more

    plainly, in proportion as the several sources from whence the matter of wealth

    is capable of being extracted are the more particularly considered /brought to

    view/

    Capital may be employed in giving encrease to the quantity of growing wealth in

    either of two ways /situations/: namely 1. in the hands of individuals acting

    singly: each employing his capital on his own single account, and receiving to

    his own single use the whole of the return accordingly: 2. in the hands of

    individuals acting in associations more or less extensive the capital being

    formed /collected/ from a number of hands more or less considerable and

    according to the magnitude of the concern employed either by the same hands by

    which it is supplied, or by a lesser number of hands chosen and appointed by the

    united suffrages of those by whom and for whom it is employed.

    With the first of these two states of things let us commence the enquiry

    /survey/ as being the more simple - this understood, the other will be

    understood from it of course.