date

1821. April 13. Codification Offer. '.5.
1821. April 13. Codification Offer. '.5. Draughtsman single II Hand single

True it is, that neither between the sacrifices respectively made and received,

nor between the advantages obtained, by the several members, as between member

and member, will any approach to exact equality be often made: of the sacrifices

made of the universal interest by the several Members to their respective

particular interest, prejudices, and weaknesses, the quantities will therefore

not be exactly equal: the sacrifice received by this or that member, will be

comparatively large; by this or that other member, comparatively small. Still,

however, if he finds adequate inducements, to be, to a certain degree,

pertinacious - if the trouble of giving the requisite degree of trouble to his

Colleagues be not grudged - some sacrifice, to a greater or less amount,

(supposing the number of the members not considerably greater than the number of

those who are usually found actg in such Boards, Commissions, Committees, or

Juntas) will to his own use and contentment, be received by each of them. But,

as above, the subject of this sacrifice will always be the universal interest:

that interest, in which every one of them has indeed a share, but such a share

as, in comparison of that particular and sinister interest, which, in virtue of

the commanding situation he possesses, is but as dust in the balance.

One of them - the most influential among them - will frame or procure to be

framed a draught conformable to his views, interests, and prejudices; the others

will, respectively, get into it as much of theirs as may be. Thus will the

aptitude of the work, in each part, be impaired: thus will also the whole

together, in respect of consistency as will be seen below.
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  • Title: [1821. April 13. Codification Offer. '.5.]
    Description: 1821. April 13. Codification Offer. '.5. Draughtsman single III Hand single.

    But, besides being a screen, this same implement serves as a sort of framework,

    the several pieces or timbers of which, afford to one another mutual support:

    each one, having his own separate supports and connections, brings them into the

    common stock, and gives the benefit of them to the rest. In this way is formed a

    well-compacted body:- a phalanx, alike well-formed for active operation and for

    defensive resistance: for effecting mischief, and for braving and excluding

    punishment.

    Thus armed, partly be concealment, partly by force, they will feel themselves

    placed out of the reach of the castigatory and restrictive influence of public

    opinion: in effect and practice they will be independent of the controuling

    power of that indispensable guardian of public virtue. Thus will they be

    independent, each of them, of all those on whom it is conducive to the greatest

    happiness of the greatest number that they should be conducive.

    On the other hand, of his colleagues, or any of them, no one of them will be

    altogether independent. The practical consequence is obvious. No one of them

    will be able to obtain every thing he wishes; no one of them but will be able to

    obtain more or less of what he wishes. Some sacrifice must be made, some

    sacrifice will be received, by every one of them. The sort of sacrifice that

    every one will be ready to make, is - the sacrifice of every interest and

    prejudice, that is neither particularly his own, nor that of any particular

    connection of his: in which case is the universal interest. A sacrifice that no

    one of them will be ready to make, is - that of his own particular interest, or

    prejudices, or that of any interest or prejudice particularly connected with

    them. But, in return for the sacrifices thus made, and without repugnance,

    namely the sacrifice of all foreign and unregarded interests and prejudices, to

    which will be added, not without reluctance, and in proportion to necessity

    only, more or less of the particular interest and prejudices of each member, as

    above,- in return for these sacrifices each of them will obtain, to a greater or

    less extent, the object of his wishes: advancement of his particular and

    sinister interest, deference paid to his own particular prejudices, and to his

    inbred intellectual weaknesses.
  • Title: [1821 Dec r. 12 1822 March 10 Not employed]
    Description: 1821 Dec r. 12 1822 March 10 Not employed

    Codification Offer

    '9. Draughtsman gratuitous

    Recapitulation

    '. Argument, /Recapitulation of the matter/ respecting the choice of hands, recapitulation.

    Choice of hands - Recapitulation.

    Recapitulation

    Draughtsman single, Draughtsman foreigner rather than native Draughtsmanship /work/service/ gratuitous - between all these several points /provisions/ the connection it has been seen is most intimate: they tend they tend all of them in concurrence to one common end: an end which has too often been mentioned to need mentioning here

    What now remains is - to bring into one comparative view the grounds on which they are respectively advocated and recommended

    The work in question is the original draught: nothing beyond it. For the original draught, hand but one - for the amendment of it hands the more the better.

    The object is to rid of the sinister influence which the several sinister interests general and local and correspondent interest-begotten prejudices as well as other prejudices tend to exercise on it: sinister interests, by which in proportion to their efficiency the aptitude of the workman and thence of the work considered in a moral as well as an intellectual point of view can not fail to be impaired. To the sinister operation of these causes of inaptitude, the constitution /nature/ of human society offers /presents/ one check, the proposed rationale /the particular nature of the present design/ another. That which the constitution /nature/ of human society offers is the controuling /tutelary/ influence of public opinion: that which the particular plan here in question offers, is the rationale: the obligation of attaching to each distinguishable arrangement the considerations by which the opinion has been produced of its being in a higher degree contributory to the greatest happiness of the greatest number.
  • Title: [[036-161v] 1821 May 18 Codification]
    Description: [036-161v]

    1821 May 18

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    '.4. Draughtsman single

    In this case, in so far as, in the eyes of a personage of such transcendent dignity, it may have been worth his while to bestow any attention on such a subject, it is by his individual interest as pointed out by his appetites and passions it is by that his sinister interest as in the case of any powerless individual it would be denominated, together with as many other particular and sinister interests as it may please him to admitt into a participation of the benefit by such his interests in conjunction with his prejudices and including those other interests, prejudices and weaknesses just spoken of that the substance of the several arrangements will of course be determined.

    To this cluster of sinister interest, prejudices and weaknesses, will the greatest happiness of the greatest number, in so far as any competition has, or is supposed to have place, be of course mad a continual sacrifice: the only points in respect of which no such sacrifice, if any, which by the draughtsmen have been proposed to be made of the sinister interest of his employer to the greatest happiness of the greatest number have escaped his view.

    As to the workman added by him to the sacrifices made of the universal interest, as above to the will, anticipated or declared, and thence to the sinister interests, prejudices and weaknesses, of his imperial or royal master, will of course be as many more as he can contrive to steal in, at the suggestion of his own sinister interests, prejudices and weaknesses, for his own benefit and accommodation, together with that of nay such individuals connected with him in the way of self-regarding interest or sympathy, as, on this occasion it may please him to take under his wing: more particularly all such as, in any apparently safe shape may to the disposition add the means, of making adequate demonstration of their gratitude.