date

1821 Aug. 25 Codification Offer '.5. Draughtsman
1821 Aug. 25 Codification Offer '.5. Draughtsman single

In proportion as, by the apprehension of resistance as above fear is produced in

the Monarchs breast, a diminution more or less considerable in the quantum of

the sacrifice which he has been in use to make of this happiness to his own - a

degree of relief from the burthen imposed by depredation and oppression - is a

consequence not altogether incapable of taking place. Of such fear, true it is

that a proportionable degree of hatred can not fail to be the result: and of

hatred, if exclusively listened to, the result would be - not the lessening but

the encrease of the sinister sacrifice:- not alleviation but aggravation of the

burthen. Here then in the Monarchs breast will be a conflict: a conflict between

the two affections - the self-regarding and the antisocial. In proportion as the

self-regarding prevails, alleviation of the burthen will be the effect, which

whether produced or no will at least have been aimed at: in proportion as the

antisocial prevails, aggravation will be the certain consequence. Most commonly

it is the antisocial that prevails: and thus it is that tyranny grows

unendurable and revolution ensues. It may seem almost a paradox to speak of the

antisocial affection as capable of prevailing over the self-regarding affection:

to say that in any instance it does so, is as much as to say that in that

instance a Monarch hates his subjects more than he loves himself. But to put a

restraint upon the antisocial affection requires self-restraint:- it requires

self-command and the more used a man is to command others the less used he is to

command himself. When he visits (as the phrase is) the objects of his hatred it

is still to his love of himself, that he administers its gratification, though

in a different shape.
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  • Title: [1821 Aug. 26 Codification Offer '.5 Draughtsman]
    Description: 1821 Aug. 26 Codification Offer '.5 Draughtsman single

    So in the case of the limited Monarchy. In the breasts of the sub-ruling few, as

    towards the subject many, are produced the same antisocial affections - contempt

    and hatred - as in the breast of the Monarch, and by the same causes: hatred

    towards the Monarch having, however, incidentally place in their breasts, and,

    by the apprehension of it operating in encrease of that fear on his part, to

    which the subject many are indebted for whatever alleviation their burthen ever

    experience: hatred of the Monarch, in proportion as the burthen intended

    principally for the subject many presses upon them the sub-ruling few, or as the

    share allotted to each man out of the plunderage fails of coming up to his

    expectations.
  • Title: [1821 Aug. 24 Codification Offer]
    Description: 1821 Aug. 24

    Codification Offer

    '.5. Draughtsman single

    namely in proportion to the /any/ influence which the subject many happen to have

    in the choice and in the conduct of those same hands

    To the production of so much of the felicity of the subject many as is secured as

    above by their existence no exertion of the intellectual faculty on the part of

    the Monarch is necessary. As to so much, between his felicity and theirs in the

    quality of causes and effects no relationship in the direct line has place Of

    This part the existence is therefore at all times certain: and it is the only

    part that is so. But to the production of so much of their felicity to the

    diminution of which a restraint is capable of being imposed by fear on his part

    as above, more or less of thought /is/ on his part is necessary. For fear of

    seeing his own felicity lessened by means of discontent on their part, it

    becomes more or less an object with him to endeavour lessen /diminish/ it. Not

    that on their account their felicity is an object with him in this case than in

    the other: it is even still further from being so in this case than in the

    other: for by this his fear of them his hatred of them is encreased: still

    however it is an object with him: it is not as his own felicity is an ultimate

    object - but it is an intermediate object.

    hatred in proportion as the burthen meant principally for the subject many falls

    upon them the sub-ruling few, or as the share allotted to them out of the

    plunderage fails of being correspondent to their expectations

    hatred of the Monarch in proportion and only in proportion as the burthen imposed

    by him falls upon them, having incidentally place in their breasts and operating

    in encrease of that fear by which alone as above any alleviation in the burthen

    imposed upon the subject many is produced.

    So in the case of the limited Monarchy. In the breasts of the sub-ruling few, as

    towards the subject many, are produced the same antisocial affections, contempt

    and hatred - with the vacillating effects produced by the intervention of fear:

    as in the breast of the Monarch, and by the same causes: hatred and contempt,

    antagonizing with one another, and exercising always disputed though always

    conjunct dominion, as above.

    In proportion as, by the apprehension of resistance at the hands of the subject

    many, fear is produced in the Monarch's breast, a diminution more or less

    considerable in the quantum of the sacrifice which he had been in use to make of

    their happiness to his own, is a consequence not altogether incapable of taking

    place. Of such fear it is true a proportionable degree of hatred can not fail to

    be the result: the result will be relief or exacerbation according to the

    comparative intensity &c. In this case the more intense his hatred of them

    the less afflictive may at the same time be the treatment any receive at his

    hands. The diminution in their unhappiness and the diminution in his happiness

    have in this case one cause. That cause is fear - fear by which at the same time

    his hatred of them is encreased and his ill usage of them is diminished, and

    consequently their unhappiness more or less diminished: but still however it is

    not by his hatred of them that the unhappiness is diminished: it is not by his

    hatred of them but by his fear of them which was the cause of it.
  • Title: [[xxxvi. 72] 1821 July 26 First]
    Description: [xxxvi. 72]

    1821 July 26

    First Lines

    Constitutional

    Monarchy

    Monarch [...?] and

    subjects

    No Monarch ever has been or ever will be to whom his subjects taken collectively [...?/...?/] and been objects of hatred and contempt: hatred for the injury he is doing them by his existence, and for the [...?] which in indeterminate /unlimited/ multitudes he feels /is sensible/ that they can not but feel at the contemplation of that injury: contempt for their submission to that course of all comprehensive and never-failing injury. This [...?] affection every word he hears from them with whom he is surrounded and contributes at all times to confirm in him. It is for him they were made: and they have the [...?] to think and act as if they had been made for themselves: every word he hears from them about him encreases in giving strength in for mind at the expence of the results to the self-regarding and antisocial appetites. This [...?] of [...?] in him but the [...?] of wisdom with justice.

    The affection has more of contempt anf hatred in it according as the Monarchy /in the former/ is on the one hand absolute and on the other hand is less limited, and according as they are acquiescent /compleatly selfless/ no man is left [...?] under the yoke.

    No Monarch ever has been or ever will be, whom when affections towards his subjects taken collectively had /have had/ as much kindness in them as those towards his dogs and horses. From no dog of his nor from any horse of his has to war had any thing to fear: and from his subjects he has at all times had every thing to fear. From his earth he gets at all times as much as he wants: from his subjects he gets at no time as much as he wants.

    What? and by his very situation is a Monarch every Monarch effectually benefit of all round sympathy? no not altogether: howsoever the /by/ matchless independence of his /that/ situation the quantity of it can not but be more or less diminished. But this kindly affection whatsoever there is of it, his subjects what are they than [...?] for it? They are all the worse. From /of/ this sympathy comes the final bounty /beneficence/: and it is at the expence /and no pleasure [...?]/ of his subjects that /can/ this virtue be exercised.