[xxxiv. 96]

1822 Aug. 15

By the division thus made of the power, the will is likewise operated upon - and the junction of interests the reduction /bringing/ of individual /the personal/ interest of the functionary into accordance with the universal interest promoted. In so far as his situation is an object of value in his eyes, and in so far as his continuance in it or his return to it or to a similar one is seen /felt/ by him to be dependent on those /of/ whose interest composes the universal interest /is composed/, in so far is his separate /individual/ interest brought into accordance with the universal interest.

On the scale of private life, only on one or other of two suppositions is either the power of location or the power of dislocation with reference to a trustee denied to his /the/ principal. The one is - that of mental infirmity on his part: and on that supposition regard for his own happiness requires that both the one and the other power should be refused to him. The other, that of moral untrustworthiness: and on that supposition, whether the power of location has or has not been possessed or exercised by him, regard for the happiness /interest/ of those for whose sake the power of location has been exercised, requires that the power of dislocation - the absolute power at any rate the absolute power should not be exercised by the same hands. Why? because if it were, the application of the power given to the trustee to the purpose in question could not be secured. This is the case where, for the purpose of securing the liquidation of a debt, the property of a debtor is placed in the hands of trustees one or more, till the liquidation shall have been accomplished.
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    To whomsoever applied, on what occasion soever applied, for what purpose soever applied, to whomsoever applied, whether it be punishment or reward that is applied - either this junction of interest is effected - either the separate interest of the individual is brought into accordance with the universal interest, and thereby with his share in it, or the purpose whatsoever it be so far as concerns the effect meant to be produced on the conduct of that same individual, is not accomplished. /effected./
  • Title: [[xxxiv. 101] 1822 Aug. 15.]
    Description: [xxxiv. 101]

    1822 Aug. 15.

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    1. To those whose interest composes the universal interest give or leave as much power as possible

    2. To those whose interest is not the universal interest but in its very nature adverse to the universal interest give as little power as possible

    3. Keep on foot, in the character of a power prepared when occasion calls, a power superior to their own, the power of those whose interest is the universal interest, in readiness to act upon them in the character of Judges and punish them with dishonor and loss of office in the character of legislators

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  • Title: [[xxxiv. 98] 1822 Aug. 15 Constitut]
    Description: [xxxiv. 98]

    1822 Aug. 15

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    3 Expedient 3d. Confining and keeping confined within the narrowest limits consistent with its sufficiency with relation to the right and proper all-comprehensive ends of government, the mass of supreme operative power possessed, when, as above, separated from and placed in subordination to, the supreme constitutive power. Say - minimizing supreme operative power.

    In what distinguishable shapes such /supreme operative/ power exists or is capable of having existence, will be seen in due place.

    So likewise, in what distinguishable ways it is capable of being confined as above. ?

    Reasons. The less the quantity of power with which a functionary is armed, the more easily will it be for the legislator to deal with him, in such sort as to keep his individual interest in a state of accordance with the universal interest: the less easy will it be for him to find accomplices for any measures adverse to the universal interest; and the more sensibly will he feel the dependence he is on the good opinion and good will of those whose interest composes the universal interest.

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