date

1822. Aug 13. Constitut. Code.
1822. Aug 13.

Constitut. Code.

Ch.1 First Principles

1.

Position 1. Axiom as to propriety. Right and proper end of government, happiness of all . Or, so far as incompatibility has place, say of greatest number. Corresponding principle greatest happiness principle. Corresponding end or object right and proper end or object.

2.

Position 2. Position or say axiom as to fact . Actual end of government every where greatest happiness of governors. Corresponding principles. Rulers object indicating principle. Corresponding end an object sinister end or object.

3.

Proofs of the position 1. Experience as to as brought to view by history. 2. Experience as to man in general, as brought to view by history and daily intercourse.

4.

Position indicative of this experience in the general tenor of life self regarding interest is predominant over all other interests put together.

4 contind.

Shortly thus. Self-regard predominant: or thus — self-preference has place every where. Corresponding principle indicating self-preference principle.

5.

In some eyes this will be an axiom: in others not.

6.

An axiom, a position which no man can argue against without absurdity. Example, Eyelids.

7.

For satisfaction of doubters, for proof take the existence of the species. Cases of infants and other helpless persons excepted, suppose ease of A's Happiness exclusively by B and of B's by A in few weeks the species would be extinct.

8.

Of all modes of location different from the actual one, the above is the most simple. Plan of separation the more complex the more speedy the destruction. A for example, instead of being committed to B, care of A was divided between B and C: care of B & C. in the same manner.

9

Through the instances in which this self- preference had place were no more than a bare majority, still on this supposition, not on the opposite one, should all political arrangements be grounded.

By universal acknowledgement, probability is as the majority to the minority of instances.

10.

If in any instance happiness of one man could receive unlimited encrease without diminution happiness of any other the more general expression might serve without limitation: but this is not the case. Hence, necessity of frequently saying not universal happiness, but greatest numbers d o .

11.

But if happiness , the corresponding word interest be employed universal may serve for the interest of all or greatest numbers's interest.
Similar Items
  • Title: [[xxxiv. 12] 1822 July 30 Constitutional]
    Description: [xxxiv. 12]

    1822 July 30

    Constitutional Code - Heads proposed

    Ch.I

    ?.1 Good rule and Misrule their nature Misrule its objects and modifications. 1. 2. 3.

    4. 5. 6. 7

    ?.2. Misrule its causes - Self-preference - Moral aptitude is

    inversely as power: its object - the sinister sacrifice -

    maximization of the sweets of government.

    ?.3. - its instruments corporeal - Lawyer, Priest Soldier.

    ?.4. Its instruments incorporeal. Force - intimidation - corruptive influence -

    delusive influence.

    Ch. III.

    ?.5. Securities against Misrule enumerated.

    ? 6 Securities against Misrule - their relation one to another - Analytical Sketch.

    ?.7/9/. General plan of operation for the exclusion of Misrule - Observations relative

    thereto. Identification of interests

    ?.7 Corruptive influence - its matter and modes of operation

    ?.8 Delusive influence - its matter and modes of operation.

    Ch.1. First principles on matter of Constitutional Law in regard to Government

    ? 1. Proper end or object of pursuit communitys greatest happiness Greatest happiness

    principle

    ?.2. Actual sinister end - Rulers greatest happiness Self preference principle

    3 Right and proper sacrifice

    4. Sinister sacrifice

    ?.5. Bring the actual pursuit into coincidence with right and proper pursuit Principle

    of general direction or say Interest-identification principle.

    ?.4. Self-preference - its necessary predominance in men. ?.5 in rulers

    ?.6. General denial of this predominance See Delusion

    Ch.2. Of Rule in general including Good Rule and Misrule

    ?.1. its end or object of pursuit happiness

    ?.2. Elements of do pleasure and exemptions - Instruments of external felicity -

    elements of prosperity - objects of general desire.

    ?.3. its incorporeal means - or say instruments 1. Force physical. 2. Intimidation /2.

    repulsion/. 3 Reward remuneration - attraction

    ?.3. its corporeal means or say instruments - public functionaries

    Ch. 3. Of Good Rule

    ? 1. Its right and proper end or object of pursuit - greatest happiness

    ? 2. Elements of do

    ? 3. its incorporeal means or say instruments Force (physical.) Intimidation. 3.

    Remuneration

    ? 4. Interest corrsponding to its end - right and proper interest viz of greatest

    number

    ?.5. Corporeal means or say instruments public functionaries chosen /located/

    immediately or unimmediately by those whose happiness is the right and proper object of

    pursuit, whose interest is the universal interest.

    Ch.4. Of Misrule

    ?.1. Actual end or object of pursuit, rulers happiness

    ?.2. Elements of rulers' happiness. See Ch. Rule in general

    ?.3 Oppositeness of Rulers' to subjects interests - thence sinister sacrifice

    certain.

    ?.3. Incorporeal means or say instruments, peculiar to it. 1. Corruptive do or say

    Corruptive influence. 2. Delusion or say Delusive influence. 3. Fiction.

    ? 4 Interest corresponding to the actual end, sinister interests

    ?.5. Effective pursuit of the sinister end at the expence of right and proper end,

    sinister sacrifice

    ?.6 Specific ends of Misrule depredation and oppression.

    ? 7. Corporeal means or instruments - 1. Soldier (not appointed by those whose interest

    is the universal interest) 2. Lawyer. 3. Priest.

    ?.8. Cause of misrule pursuit of the actual end or object of pursuit and on that

    occasion self-preference.

    Ch.7. Of appropriate aptitude and corresponding inaptitude on the part of rulers

    ?.1. Appropriate aptitude what

    ?.2. Appropriate aptitude its branches

    ?.3. Relative inaptitude what

    ?.4. Relative inaptitude its branches

    ?.5. Mutual Relation and Comparative importance of the several branches

    Ch.6. Of the expence of good rule and misrule.

    ?.1. Pecuniary expence of Good Rule

    ?.2. Non-pecuniary expence of Good Rule

    ?.3. Pecuniary expence of Misrule.

    ?.4. Non-pecuniary expence of Misrule.

    Ch.9. Of the Securities against Misrule

    1822 Aug. 3

    Constitutional Code Heads proposed.

    Ch.5. Of Corruption or say Corruptive influence.

    Aug 7. Marginals

    1. Self-corruption. 2. Corruption bipartite. 3. do tripartite
  • Title: [[clx. 439] 1822 July 26 Constitut]
    Description: [clx. 439]

    1822 July 26

    Constitut. Code

    On the principle of self-preference the effect is - that, as in every other situation so in that of ruler, generally speaking a man pursues his own happiness in preference to that of all other individuals put together: in preference to, and thence in so far as competition has place to the sacrifice of their happiness

    The interest by which as being a member of the community in question he is prompted to take for his end and object of pursuit the greatest happiness of the greatest number may be termed his right and proper interest

    The interest by which he is prompted to take for his end and object of pursuit his own interest to the sacrifice of the interest of the other members of that same community may be termed his sinister interest

    In so far as he is considered as bound to take for his end in view the greatest happiness of the greatest number or the happiness of any individual or individuals other than himself, his power is said to be given to him in trust: in trust namely in the trust or confidence that it is to their happiness that the exercise of it will be directed: or shortly his power is said to be a trust.

    In so far as instead of being directed to the production of the happiness of the greatest number it is to the production of his own happiness or that of some smaller number to the sacrifice of the greatest happiness of the greatest number that the exercise of such his power or trust is regarded as being directed, such trust is said to be broken or violated the line of conduct pursued by him is said to be pursued in breach or violation of such his trust.
  • Title: [[clx. 237] 1822 July 22 Constitut]
    Description: [clx. 237]

    1822 July 22

    Constitut. Code Rationale

    Introduction to the Rationale

    Thw whole of this work all comprehensive as it is, consists in an application made of two all-comprehensive principles: 1. a principle assertive /respective/ of propriety; a principle assertive of a /respecting an all comprehensive/ matter of fact

    The principle assertive of propriety is the greatest happiness /felicity/ principle. The greatest happiness of the greatest number as the only right and proper end of government: all /every/ other ends to which it is possible for the means of government to be directed are /is/ sinister ones

    The principle having respect to matter of fact is the self-preference principle. To prefer /Preference given to/ his own interest to all others is a universal propensity in man's nature in whatsoever situation placed.

    From these two springs /theoretical principles/ one practical one Would you establish a Constitution /constitute a government/ so order the powers belonging to it make such distribution /disposal/ of the powers /mass of power/ of which government that each member of it each functionary may see that his own particular interest will throughout coincide with the interest of the greatest number /the universal interest/ and this in such sort that he can not make sacrifice of /do evil to/ the universal interest without doing /thereby doing net/ evil to his own particular interest.

    Applied to the Constitutional branch of Law /the Pannomion/ of the field of legislation, the greatest happiness principle /the all comprehensive end/ resolves itself into two specific ones - namely 1. Aptitude maximized; 2. Expence, minimized.