date

[lxxxiv. 164] 1822 Feb. 13
[lxxxiv. 164]

1822 Feb. 13

Codification Offer.

Appendix or Separate

?.5

Members Unapt

V.I. Reasons against close mode

2. Sinister interest unbridled

II. Reasons against the close mode continued.

Reason 2. Under the close mode rulers' sinister interest unbridled

By a mans right and proper interest understand every interest which is promoted /advanced/, without the /a more than equivalent/ sacrifice of that of other men /the other members of the community/ taken in the aggregate: and thereby the greatest happiness of the greatest number encreased

By a mans sinister interest understand that every interest by the advancement of which that of the other members of the community, taken in the aggregate, is decreased to a greater amount.

Every member of the Community has a share in the universal interest in the aggregate of all the interests of all the members this share is a right and proper interest: by the force of this interest he is led to promote the universal interest to the most degree possible with the least sacrifice possible of the interests of any other of its members.

But by a propensity that has place universally in human nature every man is led to seek /pursue/ the advancement of his own interest notwithstanding any sacrifice which by pursuit /endeavour/ may be made of any other interest how great soever may be the amount of such sacrifice, in other words in every human breast there exists a propensity to make on all occasions the sinister sacrifice; in so far as he regards himself as capable of making it without ultimate prejudice to his own interest to a preponderant amount.

With few or no /very few if any/ exceptions every man yields to this propensity in all or almost all occasions throughout the general course and [...?] of his life. If all men or almost every man, then all men, or almost every man by whom any portion of political power in any shape is possessed
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  • Title: [[lxxxiv. 165] 1822 Feb. 13]
    Description: [lxxxiv. 165]

    1822 Feb. 13

    Codification Offer.

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    V. Reasons against the close mode

    Reason 2. Sinister interest unbridled.

    II Reasons against the close mode

    Reason 4. Under the close mode, sinister interest uncontrouled /unbridled/.

    Every interest in so far as it can be promoted and pursued otherwise than at the expence and to the diminution of the happiness of others of the greatest happiness of the greatest number to a greater amount may in contradistinction to a sinister interest be termed a mans right and proper interest.

    Every interest which can not be promoted or pursued but at the expence and the diminution of the greatest happiness of the greatest number to a greater amount may be termed a man's sinister interest.

    If in the instance of any man by means of an encrease given to the aggregate amount /mass/ of the external instruments of happiness the happiness is encreased without preponderant diminution in them of the happiness of others it will be either without or with an equivalent afforded to them: if without such equivalent it will be /is/ in the way of gift from them to him: if with and in condition of such equivalent, it is in the way of exchange.

    If, and in so far as it is at their expence and without their free consent that the accession to his stock of the instruments of happiness or felicity has place it is by the exercise of power of power over them in a correspondent shape.
  • Title: [[lxxxiv. 167] 1822 Feb. 13]
    Description: [lxxxiv. 167]

    1822 Feb. 13

    Codification Offer

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    V Reasons against close mode

    2 Sinister interest unbridled

    4. the ”[...?...?]• of the general

    /uviversal/ interest a partnership

    [...?] or partnership

    Unless this be [...?...?] any

    representative system is indefensible

    The field of the operation and work in question is the field of legislation taken in the whole of its extent

    The field of legislation is a field on which the entire swarm /aggregate/ of sinister interests flock together and display their power: contend for the mastery in a conflict in the course of which they enter into various alliances: and on each occasion of course the strongest confederacy carries all before it, and gives its determination to the resultÁÁ
  • Title: [[lxxxiv. 91] 1821 Decr 28 Codification]
    Description: [lxxxiv. 91]

    1821 Decr 28

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    Aptitude and Inaptitude

    Chart of the course of

    Misrule

    That the effect of this /such/ system of misrule may be the more clearly understood, and a perception of it brought home as it were to the feelings of every individual, another desirable operation would have been /is/, the giving a delineation of the sinister course which in pursuance /for the advancement/ /by the pursuit/ of his own particular and sinister interest each individual or class of persons will be led to pursue:- the course that in the exercise of his power and influence the Monarch would be led to pursue, and the sacrifices which he would be led to make of the universal to his own particular and sinister interest during his progress in that course: the like in regard to every one of the numerous classes and sub-classes into which in every country the aristocracy of the country is divided: in a word the direction taken by misrule in these several situations for the attainment of the several sinister ends - for the consummation of its share in the sinister sacrifice. the sinister sacrifice made which is as much as to say /in other words/ the several evils physical, moral and intellectual produced.

    An analysis of this sort has /was/ accordingly been commenced /undertaken/ and nearly finished. But already and before it was compleated the space occupied by it was found to be such, as to oppose a peremptory bar to its admission in this place. In connection with this paper /little work/ with the present paper Should it ever see the light it must be in the form of an Appendix.

    Meantime what may be sufficient to warrant /afford a completely sufficient warrant for/ the practical measure he proposed, is this undeniable truth: namely that in the situation in question as well as in every other every man being by the constitution of his nature led to pursue his own individual interest in preference to and at the expence of all other interests put together no arrangement by which this universal propensity can be in any degree counteracted can justly be regarded as misapplied or needless and superfluous.