JB_084_160.xml

Title: [[lxxxiv. 160] 1822 Feb 7. Codification]

Description: [lxxxiv. 160]

1822 Feb 7.

Codification Offer.

40

?.5. Admission Universal

Members Unapt

Reason 2. Operating in this field they operate under the influence of a cluster /swarm/ /confederacy/ of sinister interests: of interests /efficient causes of corruption /misrule//, against the disastrous /destructive/ effect of which in the occasion in question this is the only remedy which the nature of the case admitts of.

/Reason 2. Against the sinister influences, to which their situation stands exposed, the [?] /[...?]/ open mode is the most effectual preservation./

Let original draughts from all hands be not only permitted but invited to shew themselves the best possible chance is thus taken for the obtaining of one or more draughts in the framing of which the universal interest has been the only object pursued, in preference to all such particular and thence sinister interests as stand opposed to it. He by whom that object has with [...?] fidelity /adherence/ been pursued will at any rate be the least likely to shrink from the condition of accompanying it with the interwoven rationale: since in that additional /accompaniment/ he will behold the only chance his draught can have for overpowering /surmounting/ by force of reason the forces of any sinister interest with the conjunct prejudices which on this or that occasion he may find opposed to it: for /and/ in that rationale he will give a standard /[...?]/ /test/ by which all other draughts all draughts which are the produce of sinister interest in any shape may be tried: the fallaciousness of all fallacious reasons detected. A sinister interest is any interest that stands and acts in opposition to that of the greatest number. By no other means than by an opposition manifested by the greatest number can any effectual bar be opposed to any sinister arrangement which the sinister interest of the legislative body or a prevailing party in it may have dictated: by /in/ every useful /right/ arrangement with an apt part of the rationale for its support which the legislative body [?] under the guidance of any such sinister interest may have neglected /put in virtual [?]neglect/ an invitation will be given to the people to come forward and make their sentiment [?] known.

JB_084_165.xml

Title: [[lxxxiv. 165] 1822 Feb. 13]

Description: [lxxxiv. 165]

1822 Feb. 13

Codification Offer.

10

?.5

Members Unapt

V. Reasons against the close mode

Reason 2. Sinister interest unbridled.

II Reasons against the close mode

Reason 4. Under the close mode, sinister interest uncontrouled /unbridled/.

Every interest in so far as it can be promoted and pursued otherwise than at the expence and to the diminution of the happiness of others of the greatest happiness of the greatest number to a greater amount may in contradistinction to a sinister interest be termed a mans right and proper interest.

Every interest which can not be promoted or pursued but at the expence and the diminution of the greatest happiness of the greatest number to a greater amount may be termed a man's sinister interest.

If in the instance of any man by means of an encrease given to the aggregate amount /mass/ of the external instruments of happiness the happiness is encreased without preponderant diminution in them of the happiness of others it will be either without or with an equivalent afforded to them: if without such equivalent it will be /is/ in the way of gift from them to him: if with and in condition of such equivalent, it is in the way of exchange.

If, and in so far as it is at their expence and without their free consent that the accession to his stock of the instruments of happiness or felicity has place it is by the exercise of power of power over them in a correspondent shape.

JB_084_164.xml

Title: [[lxxxiv. 164] 1822 Feb. 13]

Description: [lxxxiv. 164]

1822 Feb. 13

Codification Offer.

Appendix or Separate

?.5

Members Unapt

V.I. Reasons against close mode

2. Sinister interest unbridled

II. Reasons against the close mode continued.

Reason 2. Under the close mode rulers' sinister interest unbridled

By a mans right and proper interest understand every interest which is promoted /advanced/, without the /a more than equivalent/ sacrifice of that of other men /the other members of the community/ taken in the aggregate: and thereby the greatest happiness of the greatest number encreased

By a mans sinister interest understand that every interest by the advancement of which that of the other members of the community, taken in the aggregate, is decreased to a greater amount.

Every member of the Community has a share in the universal interest in the aggregate of all the interests of all the members this share is a right and proper interest: by the force of this interest he is led to promote the universal interest to the most degree possible with the least sacrifice possible of the interests of any other of its members.

But by a propensity that has place universally in human nature every man is led to seek /pursue/ the advancement of his own interest notwithstanding any sacrifice which by pursuit /endeavour/ may be made of any other interest how great soever may be the amount of such sacrifice, in other words in every human breast there exists a propensity to make on all occasions the sinister sacrifice; in so far as he regards himself as capable of making it without ultimate prejudice to his own interest to a preponderant amount.

With few or no /very few if any/ exceptions every man yields to this propensity in all or almost all occasions throughout the general course and [...?] of his life. If all men or almost every man, then all men, or almost every man by whom any portion of political power in any shape is possessed