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2 June 1807
Letter V
II. Proper Remedies
To preserve the subject-matter in dispute, according to the nature of it - belonging to the class of things or of persons - from embezzlement, dissipation, destruction, deterioration - measures alike rapid, unavertible, efficient. (See Delay and Complication Tables, Tab.I. Col.II)
For giving to these measures at the same time the surest efficiency, and the speediest termination, examination of the Defendant by the Judge - according to the exigencies of the case, in public, or at the defendant's own request in private - with or without the presence of the adversary - the plaintiff, unless for special cause his presence be dispensed with, being also present, in order to his being responsible, in case of undue vexation thus caused by him, through malâ fides or even temerity.
The circumstances of the defendant being thus ascertained, in respect of pecuniary sufficiency and all other needful respects, the arrestation of the person - the sequestration of his effects - either or both precautions - are continued or not, according to the exigency of the case.
By ordinary procedures thus displayed, the ends of justice would in every point be served; never without cause, nor then but with the least possible vexation and expence to the debtor, the greatest possible security would be afforded to the creditor.
Given the plan of the North, so is that of the South. Given the course prescribed by the dictates of justice, so is the course observed by Judge an C o in pursuit of the ends of judicature. Arrestation of the person of the supposed debtor or other defendant, yes: and so long as the pursuit of the ends of judicature on this behalf remained as it did for ages without a check from the legislature, without any the slightest security for veracity or bona fides on the part of the plaintiff: the personal liberty of every body an object of sale to every body, by, and for the benefit of, Judge and C o all that time.
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Title: [2 June 1807 Letter V III. Proper]Description: 2 June 1807 Letter V III. Proper Remedies II. Insolvent Within the memory of men now living, a loose and almost sham check applied by the legislator under the guidance of Judge and C o as usual: in the shape of affidavit evidence, uncross-examinable and unopposable, a loose assertion of the justness of the demand, but of any necessity for so strong a measure as the infringement made on personal liberty, not any the slightest mention: arrestation performed, the defendant conducted, neither then nor ever after, into the presence of the Judge to be examined, but for the benefit of the Judge to a Jail, or for the benefit of Judge and C o to a spunging-house, to be squeezed: sequestration, or other security for the eventual forthcomingness or preservation of any objects: whether of the class of things or persons, none whatsoever. Instead of these efficacious and at the same time unvexatious securities, declared by common honesty, and common humanity, at the suggestion of common sense, the security provided by Judge and C o, in addition to the frequently and at any time causeless arrestation of the person of the party - the defendant, consists in the practice of bailing as it is called, or holding to bail, letting out upon bail. In the character of a measure of security as well as in that of a measure of relief, rather better than none at all. But for the inadequacy of it in both characters, together with its subserviency to the ends of judicature will be shown under the appropriated head.
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Title: [[094-467v] 17 Apr. 1807 51]Description: [094-467v] 17 Apr. 1807 51[?] Letter V II. Proper Remedies V. Remedies Conscious of the disease created by the industry of their predecessors and kept up by their own - intimately acquainted with the disease, intimately acquainted with its cause - it is equally impossible to those physicians of the body politic to avoid being equally acquainted with the remedy. I should have said the remedies; for the disease, according to its symptoms /to the circumstances/, requires two different ones. In the case of the solvent - the thrifty and calculating pupil of the partnership - do away his profit: force him to refund, and with an adequate addition whatsoever he has made - Then shall[?] faciendisa[?] on appeal: stop not execution. This applicable to solvent & insolvent birth[?]. In the case insolvent - the prodigal pupil of the partnership - at the very outset of the suit, let it be the care /duty/ of the Judge, at the instance of the plaintiff to arrest /stop dissipation[?]/ him[?] in in its course. /In a civil case/ This is a civil case is the use - thus the only use - of provisional arrestation: the prisoner conducted in the first instance /for examination unto/ before the person of the Judge: consigned from thence to a place of provisional confinement if necessary for securing to the plaintiff the benefit of the sequestration; beyond the necessity not to [...?]. By providence thus displayed the purpose of the injured creditor would be served /the ends of justice in a word/ but the purpose of the partnership /Judge and C o/ the ends of judicature marred: accordingly care is taken never to see /face/ or hear the insolvent never either to compel[?] so much as admitt into the presence of the Judge him who is thus on the breach[?], floating or already in the /running down/ in the current of insolvency - near either to see his person or know any thing of his circumstances: Instead of this[?] arrangement thus dictated /common honesty[?] the suggestion of/ by common sense, the technical system provides the security afforded by bailing - holding to bail. But the inadequacy of this security will be shewn under the head appropriated to that subject.
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Title: [30 Dec 1806 Facienda Outline]Description: 30 Dec 1806 Facienda Outline 4. For the purpose of bringing about of this simultaneous appearance, this can not but be an ex parte application on the part of the Plaintiff: if there be any thing special in the application it is to the Judge or his deputy that he must address himself (always upon Oath). If the nature of his demand be such as to be capable of being expressed by the filling up of a blank form, to serve as a summons for compelling the simultaneous attendance of the defendant, this part of the business may be transacted by a subordinate officer, indeed[?] for instance the Registrar or Clerk: but even here to intitle him to impose upon the defendant the trouble of attendance, he must assert upon oath by the filling up of a blank form his own persuasion of the justice of his demand, and of the necessity of his taking this course in order to obtain the effect of it: and by submitting to a penalty, or by means of some other security, bind himself to appear at the time appointed for the meeting, and whether he appear or fail, to render in case of his not having justice on his side, other satisfaction to the defendant for the vexation and expense if any, attached to the forced attendance. 5. If it be the wish of the plaintiff to have the attendance of the defendant in Court secured by arrest instead of summons his application must be made to the Judge, who before he grants his warrant for that purpose, must satisfy himself, as well as it is in his power to satisfy himself of the necessity of such infringement upon personal liberty, except in particular cases of necessity which it may be allowable to the plaintiff to employ himself or others in the arrestation of the defendant but upon no other terms than that of conveying him directly /taking him with him/ into the presence of the Judge. N.B. In Scotish judicature such examination is a preliminary to arrestation,if not in all civil cases in some. By English Judges, to get Plffs [...?], defendants liberty has for ages been sold for fees, to any body that will buy it -[...?] no questions asked.
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