JB_101_131.xml

Title: [26 July 1814 '.7.VI + Logic]

Description: 26 July 1814 '.7.VI +

Logic

Ch.3.III. Operations

'.7.VI. Communication of ideas

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1. Purposes for which it is employ'd {1. Teaching or Information. 2. Enquiring. 3. Persuading by address to undisturbed judgement. 4. d o. by address to Passion, Emotion, Affection, &c.

Information - viz. 1. of the general state of things present, past, future.}

2. of events - i.e. actions or other motions present, past or future.

{3. Of the import of words. Information concerning the import of words is Propositio[?]. See Ch. its modes

4. Consultation for the purpose of 1. Recollection. 2. Judgment.}

 14 Oct. 1814. Quere whether to leave in this place the doctrine of Signs, or to post it off to { Ontology}, to Methodization,{?} or to { Language}?

V. Class VI. Operations, by the performance of which, by means of the operation of designation, and expression, communication of the ideas formed in one mind, is made to, and these ideas are as it were transferred into, another.

1. Discourse or discoursing. In the course of this operation, ideas, having been in one mind formed or lodged, and therein associated with and as it were attached and fastened to certain of the signs, of which discourse or language is composed, are out of that mind expressed, i.e. pressed out, for the purpose of their being received into - or say finding reception in - another.

1. Signs by means of which the operation is performed. - 2. Minds to which, and modes in which application is made of these signs,- from these two sources taken together, may the operation be seen to[?] receive whatsoever modifications it admitts of.

A difference, in the nature of the signs capable of being employed, is produced by a correspondent difference in the nature of the sense: of that one of the five senses to which the discourse is made to address itself.

JB_101_133.xml

Title: [27 July 1814 Logic 3]

Description: 27 July 1814

Logic

3

Ch.3.III Operations

'.7.VI. Communication

19

3

Writing, including its comparatively recent improvements such as printing, engraving, &c., is in every case discourse addressed to the eye. But to this organ discourse in this form has been found capable of addressing itself in either of two ways. 1. in an unimmediate way, through the medium and intervention of discourse addressed to the ear - i.e. of articulate sounds, or in an immediate way, without the intervention of discourse in that form or any other form.

In the first case, sounds - audible signs, are the immediate signs of thought - it is of these audible signs that visible characters are the signs - and it is only in this comparatively remote way that the function of signs of thought is performed by the visible characters.

In the other case, thought is some how or other performed in an immediate way by the visible characters.

Of these two modes the former is the only one familiar to the generality of civilized nations:

The other is exemplified in the vast empire of China - in the empire of Japan, and in some of the states subject to the dominion or ascendancy of the Chinese.

JB_101_143.xml

Title: [28 July 1814 '.2 + Logic Ch]

Description: 28 July 1814 '.2 +

Logic

Ch.4.IV.V.VI.VII. Functions &c.

'.2.V Instrument, Language

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 Refer here to title Operations in which the composition of language has been described.

'.2.V. Main Instrument of Logic.

Grand Instruments of thought, in general, and of thought directed to the purposes of logic in particular,- the faculty of discourse, including the faculty of speech.

Under the head of the operations, in or to the performance of which logic is capable of being rendered serviceable, mention was made of the faculty of expression, of discourse, of converse. Correspondent to this as to any other operation, a demand may exist, as at any rate in the present instance does exist, for the mention of a correspondent faculty - say the faculty of giving expression to thought - the faculty of carrying on discourse - the faculty of holding converse with other persons - or say more concisely the faculty of discourse, the faculty of converse; of which the faculty of speech is but a modification - and no more but one out of several modifications.

By means of this faculty - by the performance of the correspondent operations, a correspondent product has in every nation - in every tribe or groupe of human beings, howsoever barbarous and uninstructed - been brought into existence. Numberless are the shapes in which the product has among different assemblages and races of men made its appearance: and in whatsoever of these shapes it has made its appearance, one general appellation language - a language - is applicable to designate the assemblage of audible signs, of which, with or without a correspondent collection of visible signs or characters it is composed: so many different collections of these signs employed by so many different tribes in the designation of the same collections of ideas, so many different languages.