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16 Aug 1814 '.1
Logic
Language
Ch. Clearness Exposition
'.1 Exposition
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Ch. 7.
Ch.
Clearness in discourse /Of Clearness in discourse/ - how to produce it where the seat of the unclearness, actual or apprehended, is considered as being in the words taken
singly: - Of exposition /and hence of exposition/.
'.1. Scale of unclearness, the words or their connexion - Of exposition what.
A sentence in the grammatical sense of the word sentence is /consists/ either of a single proposition in the logical sense of the word proposition, or a number of such propositions: if one only, it may be termed a simple sentence; if more than one a compound sentence.
A proposition is clear, in proportion as it [is] clear, that is free at the same time from ambiguity and obscurity and ambiguity imperfections the nature of which have been already explained. +
All clearness is always /on every occasion/ relative: relation being had to the person considered, in the character of hearer and reader.
There exists not nor ever will any proposition that is perfectly clear to every hearer and reader. There exist but too many that neither will be nor ever have been to any one: not so much as by those by whom they were respectively framed.
Instances however are not uncommon where ideas which in the mind of him, by whom the discourse meant for the communication of them was uttered were perfectly clear, are expressed in such a manner as not to be clear to any one else: Clear in the conception - clear in the expression clear in neither: clear in the conception alone, not in the expression: if in the conception a set of ideas were not clear, it is not natural that they should be clear in the expression: yet by accident it may happen to them to be so.
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Title: [5 Aug 1814 Logic Ch. 1. Logic]Description: 5 Aug 1814 Logic Ch. 1. Logic, what 10 5 Qualities desirable in language 8 or 9: Clearness one of these metaphysics i.e. reflection of these all comprehensive terms. one means of securing clearness. Of the art and /or/ science of logic one prime use and that the most immediate is the establishment of clear and determinate ideas: the attaching /in relation/ to each /whatsoever/ discourse we employ the taking care that to such discourse as on any subject of importance we employ, the ideas we attach shall be clear and determinate ones { Distinction /Methodization/ - Definition - Division Methodisation /exposition in all its shape/ - all these functions /operations/ have these for their direct object }, and in so far as in the discourse /language/ employed in the course of their converse with us by other men /others/ any deficiency in this essential quality becomes observable, to employ our endeavours by apt questions, to clear it of /dipell from it/ whatever clouds /traces/ /marks/ of obscurity or ambiguity in what it may happen to be involved /enveloped/ in. The terms /words/ employed, and the propositions formed out of them /and the compounds formed of them in the shape /form/ of propositions -/ in one or other of these articles /classes of objects/ may be found /seen/ the sourse of every instance of error or perplexity every cause of deception to which discourse can give rise; if it be in the notion /structure/ of the propositions, or in the sort of connexion given to them that the mischief /imperfection/ /malady/has or is thought /supposed/ to have its sourse, logic, (in which Grammar may be considered as included) is the name of the art or science, from which /by which alone/ the remedy /cure/ if obtainable is /can be/ /must be/ /will be/ obtained, if it be in the import attached to the terms, taken singly, sometimes it is to logic, sometimes it is to metaphysics that the /any/ endeavours employed to remedy it are referred. 17
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