JB_102_062.xml

Title: [30 Sept. 1814 Logic 6]

Description: 30 Sept. 1814

Logic

6

Ch.2. Ontology

Entities classed

40

6

To the case and to that alone, in which, the motion or motions, being of the thelematic and therein moreover of the ergastic kind, have had for their prime mover or principal agent concerned a rational or at least a sentient being, belong the words end, design, and means - end, operation, means, design.

Of the word end, and its synonym - the compound term end-in-view, an /the/ exposition has been already given, the idea of some good (i.e. pleasure or exemption from pain in this or that shape or shapes) as about eventually to result to the agent in question from the proposed act in question.

The term /word/ means is a term alike applicable with equal propriety to the designation of body considered in the character of an instrument, or any action or motion considered in the character of an operation, tending to the production of a work, or any good looked to in the character of an end.

Productive and unproductive - under one or other of these denominations, as the case is /may/ be, may be referred the action in question in the case /in so far as/ where being of the thelematic and moreover of the ergastic kind, it has for its end in view the bringing into existence any intended result in the character of a work.

62

JB_102_058.xml

Title: [30 Sept. 1814 Logic 2]

Description: 30 Sept. 1814

Logic

2

Ch.2. Ontology

Entities classed

36

2

Terminating /Terminative/ and endless - under

Endless - and terminating - under one or other of these denominations may all motions, observed or /and/ observable be included.

Endless motions are those which have place among the bodies, (each of them considered in its totality) of which the visible universe is composed.

Termination are /To the class of terminating or terminative motions belong/ all those which have place in our planet, and to judge from analogy all those which have place in any other of the celestial bodies.

So far as the motions in question belong to the endless class, so far no such distinction, and, therefore, no such relation as that of cause and effect, seems to have place. Each body attracts towards it all the rest, and, were it to have place singly, the attraction thus exercised might be considered as if it operated in the character of a cause; but each body is attracted by every other, and, were it to have place singly, the attraction thus suffered might be considered in the character of an effect. But, in fact, the two words are but two different names for one and the same effect. In the case of motions that have place among the distinct bodies with which the surface of our earth is covered, action and causation are the phenomena exhibited by different bodies in the character of agents and patients. In the case of the celestial bodies, considered each in its totality, no such distinction has place. No such character as that of agent - no such character as that of patient, belongs separately to any one. They are each one of them agent and patient at the same time. No one exhibits more of agency, no one more of patiency, than any other.

58

JB_102_067.xml

Title: [30 Sept. 1814 Logic Chap VIII]

Description: 30 Sept. 1814

Logic

Chap VIII B

11

Ch.2. Ontology

Entities classed

45

11

In relation to the result in question, considered in the character of an effect, suppose, at pleasure, any one body to be the prime or principal mover or agent, and the motion, the action, or the operation of it, to be the prime or principal cause.

In no instance can any such cause be in operation, but it will happen to it to be, on all sides, encompassed and surrounded by circumstances.

Those circumstances will be composed /consist/ of the state of the contiguous and surrounding bodies, in respect of motion or rest, form, colour, quantity, and the like.

Among these some will appear to be exercising on the result a material operative influence: others not to be exercising such influence. Influential and influencing circumstances, uninfluential or uninfluencing circumstances; in one or other of these two classes of circumstances, taken together, will every circumstance by which it can happen to the principal agent or agents to be encompassed, be comprised /referred/.

Promotive or obstructive - under one or other of these denominations may the whole assemblage of influential circumstances be comprised.

Any circumstances that operate /act/ that are considered as acting /operating/ in the character of obstructive circumstances are termed in one word obstacles.

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