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1831 Sept. 28 M
Language
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Ch.1 Language in general
'.4 Properties desirable
Properties desirable in the information, for the communication of which language is employed: that is to say, whatsoever be the language by means of which it is endeavoured to convey it, the persons by whom, the persons to whom, the occasions on which, and the purposes for which, it is endeavoured to be conveyed.
1. Clearness: as opposed to 1. Obscurity. 2. Ambiguity. 3. Undefinedness: i.e. want of distinctness between the limits of the idea designated by the word in question, and the several circumjacent ideas.
2. Correctness.
3. Copiousness, as opposed to scantiness.
4. Completeness, or say, all-comprehensiveness.
5. Non-Redundance - i.e. exemption from useless terms, inflections, and modifications, as opposed to abundance in useless terms, inflections, and modifications.
6. Conciseness, or say, compactness or compressedness, as opposed to diffuseness.
II. Properties desirable in a language, in comparison with other languages: meaning here by a language and the language, the aggregate composed of all the words habitually employed by a certain aggregate of persons, in whose instance this habit of employing the same aggregate of words for all purposes of social intercourse, causes them to be spoken of as having the same language.
1. Pronunciability.
2. Melodiousness.
3. Discibility, or say, capacity of being easily taught.
5. Meliorability, or say, perfectibility, capacity of being easily improved.
6. Decorability, or ornamentability, as opposed to baldness.
III. Properties desirable - this or that one of them or this or that other of them in the language or say discourse, employed according to the occasion on which, and purpose for which, it is employed.
1. Impressiveness.
2. Dignity.
3. Patheticalness, or say, aptitude for exciting tender emotions.
Desirable properties of the second order: that is to say, as being conducive to the investing the language with this or that property of the first order, as above.
1. Subservient or say conducive to the primary properties of discibility and docibility.
1. Giving expression by means of a small as effectually as by means of a larger number of inflections to the idea in question.
2. Facility of admitting the junction of two or more words into one.
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Title: [1831 Aug. 7. Logic and Language]Description: 1831 Aug. 7. Logic and Language Practical Ch.1 Language in general §4 Properties desirable §4. Properties desirable. Only for the sake of the one or the other of the two uses to which language is applicable is language worth considering. Only with a view to the properties desirable in language, that is to say, the properties by means of which it is rendered subservient or say conducive to one or other or both these uses, is language worth considering. The properties desirable in language are the properties subservient to the end in view or say object of language. On the part of each individual, the end in view of the language employed by him is the maximization of his own happiness: with a view to the moment in question, at any rate, and resultant exception: with a view to future contingent moments, in any numbers and at any distance from the their present, as it may happen. On the part of any individual by whom the subject of language is taken in hand with a view to and under the guidance of the greatest happiness principle, the end[?] in view in taking in hand the subject of language is the maximization of the happiness of the aggregate of human kind. The properties desirable in language collectively taken, and the properties desirable in each language severally taken, coincide. The properties actually possessed by the several languages actually in existence (time present and times past included) are in an indefinite degree different: not in any two languages, exactly the same: add, uses in any two dialects.
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Title: [[102-251r] 1831 Aug. 7 Logic]Description: [102-251r] 1831 Aug. 7 Logic and Language Ch. 1 Language in general § │ │ Properties desirable Quere shall this form the concluding Chapter of the Section on[?] Properties desirable, as above,- or shall it constitute a separate Section, [...?...?]. § │ │ Properties desirable in Language: enumerated, and the aggregate of them analysed in the bifurcate mode.[?]
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Title: [1826 Oct. 23 Language Ch.│]Description: 1826 Oct. 23 Language Ch.│ │ Properties desirable The properties desirable in language in general are the properties desirable on the part of the aggregate of the several portions of the matter of language employed or employable in the scant[?] occasions to useful purpose by the aggregate of the several individuals of which the human species is composed in the pursuit of their respective /the aggregate/ objects of desire, or say instruments and means of happiness - that is to say of pleasure in all its shapes and exemption for pain in all its shapes. Reference had to whatever purpose and the occasion, the properties desirable will be found referable to these several heads; to wit 1. Clearness. 2. Correctness. 3. Comprehensiveness: in respect of the extent of their words and combinations of words employed. 4 Conciseness. 5. Copiousness: in respect of the number of words and combination of words at common[?] and employed accordingly. Considered in respect of its subservicency to its purposes of discourse. A mass of language in use in any community may be considered with reference to the demands either of those who are already in the habit of making use of it, or of those who not being in possession of that habit, are desirous of acquiring it. Considered with reference to the demands of this class of persons - of persons thus circumstanced, another property which it presents as desirable in it is termed [...?] Discibility[?] - facility of being learnt. This property as will be seen is not in the direct but in the inverse rate of copiousness: in respect of words of certain classes. [Attached sheet] Conjugates - Prefixes. 1. Non- 2. Quasi- 3. Vice- 4. Ex- functioning Female[?] 5. Sub- 6. Super- 7. Anti 8. Part-and-parcel 9. Son-in-law, &c.
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