JB_111_045.xml

Title: [nd [wm 1813] Government 1 Monarchy]

Description: nd [wm 1813]

Government 1 Monarchy

Monarch

§1. Private interest

§2. Share in public d o

5

5

We come now to speak of the Monarchs share in the universal interest In his quality of Member of the community at large it is his interest that y e aggregate mass of the matter of felicity possessed and enjoyed by the whole community be as great as possible. This then were his private interest out of the question would be upon the whole his interest. For such in the case of every Member in the community is upon y e whole his interests supposing him to have no such private interest as, being adverse to the universal interest is of more value to him than his share in the Universal interest. But the value of the monarch’s private interest, such is the magnitude of the mass of the matter of felicity always heaped upon that one head, is in a vast degree superior to the value of his share in the universal interest: which being the case, so long as he adds any but the smallest part to the magnitude of that mass of which he has the whole it matters not to him in how large a degree he diminishes the magnitude of that in which he has but a proportionable share.

For the carrying on y e business of government in all its branches

JB_111_041.xml

Title: [nd [wm 1813] Government 1 Monarchy]

Description: nd [wm 1813]

Government 1 Monarchy

Ch 1 Probity -

1

1

§ 1.

In the article of appropriate probity the deficiency essentially attached to this situation will be sufficiently manifest. But the cause of it is to be looked for - not so much in the strength of the sinister interests as in the strength of the situation by which in the pursuit of the correspondent gratifications a man stands exempted in so great a degree from all those checks which apply to inferior situations.

In this situation, as in every other, a man has two sorts of interest - one peculiar to himself, the other which belongs to him in common with all the other members of the community whatever it be: his private interest, & his share in universal d o. His private interest he can not pursue & promote in such sort as to obtain for himself a share in the good things /the matter of felicity/ of this world greater than the average share, otherwise than at the expence of the universal interest: - lessening thereby the average share of every other member.

He has therefore an interest which coincides with the universal {interest} and he has an interest which acts in opposition to, and leads him to make sacrifice of the universal interest.

JB_111_049.xml

Title: [nd [wm 1813] 9 9 Among]

Description: nd [wm 1813]

9

9

Among the services which in these circumstancies[ sic] may naturally be expected at the hands of persons looking up to the source of power or share in these benefits is that of contributing according to their respective situations, means, and opportunities to the giving encrease to the magnitude of the fund employed in the annexation of the elements of felicity in the character of matter of reward, to offices thus created and endowed. But, for as much as, to the mass of the advantages thus attached to patronage, and consequently to the intensity of the correspondent desire, hence it is that in the breast of every person placed in any such commanding situation there exists a perpetually active, and ever insatiable desire of giving increase to the quantity and value of the mass of patronage existing in his hands. But, not a particle of any such mass can ever be created but the expence of the subject many, out of whose pocket the matter of felicity must be extracted. And thus it is, that throughout the whole field of patronage, that is throughout an expance of infinite expence, the interest of the Monarch /ruler/ is in a state of diametrical opposition to the interest of those, who in this respect are subject to his power