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1819 Dec. 4
Bentham’s Radical &c
Prelim
II Necessity
End
3
But to substitute to the existing Monarchy or rather Monarchico-Aristocracy a mixture of Monarchy and Aristocracy with an almost expiring spark of Democracy a pure Democracy is what there would be little probability of effecting at any price Most certainly not at any less price than that of a Civil war: than that of an insurrection which of course unless and until it became successful would be termed a rebellion, and all who took part in it traitors.
There remains therefore as the only sort of arrangement /state of thing/ which either prudence or benevolence could recommend the endeavour to bring about that which may be termed Democratic ascendancy.
This Democratic ascendancy is the state of things that would have place if that branch of the legislative which for argument sake is sometimes spoken of as composed of Members chosen by the people i.e. the great mass of the population - were composed of Members, really so chosen: in a word if that state of things which by those who speak of it as having place is known not to have place, were really to have place.
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Title: [1819 Oct. 13 Parl. Reform Bill]Description: 1819 Oct. 13 Parl. Reform Bill Reasons Prel. Obs. §.2 Electors who 3 Here it may be observed – but under the Constitution as it stands it may be said /says somebody/ neither is it Monarchical ascendancy, nor Aristocratical ascendancy, nor the ascendancy of Monarchy and Aristocracy (that has place) but the ascendancy of Monarchy Aristocracy and Democracy conjoined that has place – and accordingly it may be asked the ascendancy of Monarchy, Aristocracy and Democracy conjoined as under the Constitution as it stands is it incompatible with good Government. The answer here too is in the affirmative. See another N o in the Appendix N o | | Title Aristocracy and Democracy conjoined as under the Constitution as it stands is incompatible with good Government. [marginal heading:] Superseded {But even admitting that these forms are every one of them incompatible with good government, it will not absolutely follow it may be said either that Democracy or Democratical ascendancy in any form or at any rate in the form of radical reform as you present it or in one word radicalism is preferable and eligible. For any government, how bad so ever is better than none. And under /of/ radicalism as you present it would not the effect be the destruction of government, and there with the destruction of every good thing which it is the use of government to preserve?} Here the answer is in the negative. See another N o in the Appendix. N o | |. Title Radicalism not dangerous.
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Title: [1819 Dec r 4 Bentham’s Radical &c]Description: 1819 Dec r 4 Bentham’s Radical &c Prelim II. Necessity 6 - 2 those which oppose obstructions to the operations of the ruling few in their endeavours to wrest from the people the small number of sources[?] of security still remaining in their possession.
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Title: [1819 Dec r 4 Bentham’s Radical &c]Description: 1819 Dec r 4 Bentham’s Radical &c Note (a) Prelim II. Necessity (a) (really existing constitution) But for the American United States Englishmen would not know /have known/ what a really existing Constitution is: nor therefore would they have understood clearly that they themselves have no such thing, and that therefore all those boasts which out[?] themselves in the cry of Glorious Constitution! Matchless Constitution! and so forth are either self-delusion or impostors.
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