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12 June 1802 37 N. S. Wales 2
is taken of him by the Governor. By what means does this happen? Conjecture,
grounded on the apparent nature of the case, is all
the ground authority I can pretend to for the answer which
I hear I give. The Merchant, by the terms
of the Act, and therefore I conclude, by the terms of the Contract grounded
on it, having power to assign the Convict assigns him
accordingly to the Governor: to the Governor in his quality of
agent to the crown and trustee for the public in that
behalf. But suppose the Contracting Merchant instead of
assigning over the Convict to the Governor who gives him nothing but a
receipt (payment under the Contract coming from the Treasury here at
home) suppose he tries to assign assigns the Convict
to some friend of the Convict's own, who as such
will give a price for him: to the end that, when arrived at this place
of banishment, he may be free. Is there any thing to prevent any such
bargain? At any rate there is nothing in the Act: [so that should there be
any thing
to that effect in a Contract of that sort entered into today, there
may be nothing to that effect in another Contract entered into tomorrow.
By the Act — by law — a Convict [+] can
[+] except in a particular case that will be
mentioned presently
not be transported otherwise than by the intervention of a Contract
for that purpose: nor without such a Contract as puts the fate of the
Convict in respect of as to the question difference
between freedom and bondage altogether in the
power of the Contractor who thereby, if for
money or favour he thinks fit to remit to the
Convict so much of the punishment as turns upon that difference,
has it compleatly
in his power.
The carried out on Government account Then there must have
been some fiction, if the letter of the Act has been
observed.
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Title: [12 June 1802 (+r) N. S. Wales 1 2V. No care]Description: 12 June 1802 (+r) N. S. Wales 1 2V. No care taken to plan the Bondage upon any certain or consistent footing. Another point and that a fundamental an essential one. I have already touched, though but incidentally, + + p. 45, 6. on the obvious and unsettled footing on which the condition of a transported convict has all along rested and still rests, in respect of the important question between bondage and no bondage. When he lands in New South Wales the Governor, in point of fact, takes possession of him it appears and does with him in this adds aggregates him to an already formed working gang, or in any other way disposes of him, as he thinks seems best. For the power thus exercised what is the foundation in point of law? On what ground in point of law is the power thus exercised, built? Turning to the Act of 1784, as quoted in the Act of 24 G 3. c. 9C 1787 in and by which whatever is done by law towards the founding of this Colony is done I see read I find as follows these words — that when any person ... shall be .. convicted of any offence therein mentioned, it shall be lawful to ... the Court ... to order and adjudge that such person ... shall be transported ... and in .. such case it shall .. be lawful for his Majesty .... to declare such to what place ... and such Court ... is ... authorized ... to order such offender s to be transferred to the use of any person ... and his assigns who shall contract for the due performance of such transportation ... Under this Act then A Convict is under this Act sent out to New South Wales. under the care of a Merchant hire who contracts for the transportation of him: under this same act, he is transferred to the use of such Contractor: What " use" does any such Contractor ever make of him? none: for immediately in point of fact on landing, he comes possession is
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Title: [28 June 1802 42 N. S. Wales 7 Whether]Description: 28 June 1802 42 N. S. Wales 7 Whether the Ministers, whose system from beginning to end was directed by a spirit principle of equal contempt for the laws of the land and those of natural justice — whether these Ministers at any period subsequent to the commencement of it have thought fit so far to preserve the forms of respect for the forms authority of law the legislation as to employ a sham contract with [+] with a servant of the Crown the Governor of the Colony to bring themselves within the letter of the law — of the Act of 1787 I do not pretend to know. All I can say about the matter is comprised in this dilemma. In point of fact what is print and is notorious to every body is — that somehow or other Convicts on arrival at South Wales find themselves transferred and made over to the Governor. This transfer is made either with the intervention of a Contract — a contract between the transporter who transferrs the Convict, and the Governor who accepts him — or it is made without such Contract. In the first case, the letter alone of the law is complied with by a sham Contract different in the most essential particulars from the real old-established Contract which the Nature (or at least the Natures which it professes to copy) had in view: the spirit of the law being violated: in the other case the whole proceeding is illegal and void, being without foundation either in the spirit or so much as the letter of the law in which it pretends to ground itself. Contract, or no-Contract. If a Contract, it is a sham Contract, contrary to the spirit of the law which authorizes it: it no Contract, the system is illegal throughout, having no law to authorize it
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Title: [25 June 1802 N. S. Wales time. This]Description: 25 June 1802 N. S. Wales time. This defect in itself is something, but in comparison it is as nothing. For what power has he any than a Convict, from the instant his legal term of transportation is at an end. So that The very persons for whom the Laws of Britain were not strong enough, are sent to a wild country in the antipodes to be turned loose to live without any laws: to live without any laws, in the face if they please, of a Governor who by his commission in virtue of his hopes with the and fears grounded in it is himself most strictly bound by laws. Hard enough so much as to conceive in theory a disorder like this is by much too hard endured in practice. One of two things: either the these outcasts of mankind most disorderly of men must be left to do what they please, or a that chosen Servant of the British Crown must be left to order them and every body else to do as he pleases. The option was not a difficult one. He carried with him the name of Governor: and this name, with or without an illegal instruction from the Privy Council, was to be to him and to every body instead of an Act of Parliament. A few lines But a line or two ago we were at Liberty — where Anarchy Hall; now already we are in the din of Despotism. They are on opposite sides of the way: but the distance is not great. Out of the strong cometh forth sweet, said the strong man when he found the honey in the carcase of the strong beast. Out of that state of things which is revolting to the sense of every real lover of the British constitution, came forth the looked for treasure dainty which was sweet to the sense of M r Pitt, the then youthful Minister. Your Lordship will see ere long what it was recommended rendered it to his palate. which relishing [a] that made it to his taste.
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