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1818 July 16
Parl. Ref. Bill
Reasons
II. Electors
Universality
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In no one case either the interest or the power any where.
1. Prediction the first. Without recurring[?] to their Representatives the people would effect this division of themselves.
2. Prediction the second. In the major part /a sufficiently great majority/ of the whole number of Election Districts, the people in their character of constituents would choose such Representatives as they fore[...?] to be determined to concurr in this operation, and to persevere in carrying it into effect.
3. Prediction the third. The representative thus chosen would enter upon this operation, and persevere in it in such sort as to carry it into effect.
Prediction 1. Without recurring[?] to their Representatives the people would effect this revolution of themselves.
Answer: A supposition to this effect belongs not to the case of the proposed Reform: it therefore forms not /is not capable of affording/ any argument against it. By the /an/ original supposition they have confidence enough in a particular set of people to [...?] them their representatives: and as such to committ to them to do every thing which it is their desire to be done. By another supposition there exists not any set of them in whom they have any such confidence. But if this be the state of things /be the case/ supposed, it is not the proposed[?] it is not the state of /case of things/ that would have place under the here prop[?] Parliamentary reform. If it be in their power to do this otherwise than by representatives representatives chosen on the proposed mode of Parliamentary reform, it is in their power to do it without Parliamentary reform: it is in their power to do it under the existing system of Non reform.
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Title: [[Mainly in copyist's hand] 1818 July]Description: [Mainly in copyist's hand] 1818 July 23 B Parl. Ref. Bill Reasons II. Electors Who Universality 4 1 20 3. Prediction the third. The Representatives thus chosen would enter upon the operation, and persevere in it, in such sort as to carry it into effect. If no such plan sanctioned by the concurrence of any number approaching to a Majority of the whole number of the people in the character of Constituents will be put into the hands of their respective Representatives, no persons will there be who in the character of Representatives can in any sufficient number find, in the desires and affections of their Constituents any adequate Motive for the entering upon such a task. In their own particular situation will they then find any such Motive? Already has this question received its answer: for if by the proposed arrangement no men whatever will be gainers so neither will these. But, it may be said, that howsoever the plan of equality may have been talked of and the view in which they have been chosen they have been that of their carrying this plan into effect yet, when once seated their designs may take any turn whatever: and will accordingly take some turn, which, however mischievous it may be with relation to the interests of their Constituents will have for its object at the expense of the interest of the old proprietors to create a dominion to /by/ themselves.
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Title: [[Copyist's hand] 1818 July 23]Description: [Copyist's hand] 1818 July 23 Parl Ref Bill Reasons II. Electors who Universality 6 3 22 In the Introduction to the Plan of Parliamentary Reform a sort of eventual prediction was hazarded that in the case of radical reform, and that carried even to the length of universal suffrage, the class of men, out of which Representatives will be chosen will not be any class which to the antireformists need be or even actually is, as such, an object of apprehension. In support of this prediction the Authority there appealed to, was that of experience: uniform and notorious experience. Men already distinguished by wealth, by power by rank by reputation: such are the men out of whom (it it there said) the choice has ever hitherto been made: such therefore are the men out of whom it would /will/ continue to be made. In addition to this intimation was at the same time given of a class of men in whom howsoever the objects of esteem in other respects those brilliant endowments are not any of them to be found. For illustration an Instance was given of a nomination which being that of a Man belonging to the medical profession was on that account even by those to whom he was on other accounts an object of love and respect, put aside as ridiculous.
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Title: [[Part in copyist's hand] 1818 July]Description: [Part in copyist's hand] 1818 July 23 + '.2 Parl. Ref. Bill Reasons II. Electors Who Universality Dwelling[?] [...?] norm[?] 1 17 In Westminster, though not universal suffrage is [...?] be d o Prediction the second. In a sufficiently large majority of the whole number of the Election Districts, the people, in their character of constituents would choose such Representatives as they foreknew to be determined to concurr in this operation, and to persevere in carrying it into effect. At every succeeding Step, the absurdity of the supposition becomes more and more palpable. The body of the Representatives and in that body a constant majority being now the Instrument by which the mischief is to be effected, some one plan, well or ill adopted, there must be, in the support of which the whole of the majority have been prepared to agree. But ere it can have this received Support, this plan must have come into existence: and to have come into existence in writing and even in print. Being thus in print, it must ere it can have passed thro' the thus singularly disposed House of Commons have surmounted all objections. But by what means? By what sort of Instrument is it that the preponderance thus supposed is to have been gained? Is it not by reason and argument? By reason bringing to view the State of Interest and shewing in how many various[?] aways[?] they will be effected by the change.
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