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1818 Sept. 7
Parl. Reform Bill
Reasons ult o
'.2. Electors Who
Universality
Universities
28
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Great indeed would be the advantage of this instrument for blinding the eye /eyes/ /keeping the eyes of the mind closed/ which one half of the field of government is /has/ before it /them/ could be applied to the other half: if the most opulent and richly instructed and influential portion of the rising generation could be made to subscribe to /temporal/ articles of temporal faith: to articles asserting the existence of monarchy, hereditary aristocracy, and of a mock representative democracy, held in subjection to the monarchy through the aristocracy, to be necessary to good government.
Still greater would be the convenience, if by torture administered by a body of inquisitors, all men could be compelled upon oath to declare what on all these /the/ several points in question were /are/ their opinions, under a law according to which, in regard to every point in which the opinions entertained were different from the opinions presented, the option would be given of either incurring the guilt of perjury, or expiring under the torture of fire.
Unfortunately the time /days/ in which the security for /opportunities[?] under[?] favour of/ spiritual orthodoxy might have been extended to temporal orthodoxy were suffered to pass away unimproved.
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Title: [[clxiv. 269] 1820. Sept r. 6]Description: [clxiv. 269] 1820. Sept r. 6 Emancipation Spanish Summary. ?. Corruptive influence or Domination impossible? It follows not that because where circumstances admitt of it a Republic is the only good form of government, your rulers did wrong in putting up with a Monarchy or that they would not have done wrong had they tried for a republic. Had they made any such experiment, I can not /I feel how incompetent I am to/ see /see not/ what chance they could have had to bring /of bringing/ it to bear. Now the Mixt Monarchy is on its legs, as little do I see what chance there could be of preponderant good, from any attempt to overturn /overthrow/ it. All I mean to say is - that whatever change there is /should there be any change/, just so far as it operates in favour of the Monarchical or the Aristocratical part /Monarchy or Aristocracy/ its effects will be evil, just in so far as it operates /its operation is/ in favour of the power of the people, good: and that as by insensible changes when once established it can not fail to be brought nearer to /back in its way to/ despotism, so by sensible changes, so they be not violent ones when and as opportunity offers, to bring it nearer to republicanism, the opportunity should not be suffered to pass /let slip/ unimproved.
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Title: [1819 Dec. 4 Bentham’s Radical &c]Description: 1819 Dec. 4 Bentham’s Radical &c Prelim II Necessity End 3 But to substitute to the existing Monarchy or rather Monarchico-Aristocracy a mixture of Monarchy and Aristocracy with an almost expiring spark of Democracy a pure Democracy is what there would be little probability of effecting at any price Most certainly not at any less price than that of a Civil war: than that of an insurrection which of course unless and until it became successful would be termed a rebellion, and all who took part in it traitors. There remains therefore as the only sort of arrangement /state of thing/ which either prudence or benevolence could recommend the endeavour to bring about that which may be termed Democratic ascendancy. This Democratic ascendancy is the state of things that would have place if that branch of the legislative which for argument sake is sometimes spoken of as composed of Members chosen by the people i.e. the great mass of the population - were composed of Members, really so chosen: in a word if that state of things which by those who speak of it as having place is known not to have place, were really to have place.
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Title: [20 Jan. 1817 Necessity Cat]Description: 20 Jan. 1817 Necessity Cat II. Application 4 Q. < > It is therefore part of the Monarch’s sinister interest to have the present laws as sanguinary and as cruel in every respect as possible, to the end that by remitting the punishment and thus violating the engagements taken by them in their legislative character /capacity/ they may obtain the more praise and popularity and thus be the more profoundly adored the more richly they desire to be execrated? A. To be sure it is: nor doubt that there is any torture howsoever exquisite that a person so situated would not delight in having it in his power to inflict upon any and every of his subjects without cause: for the greater his power to do evil, the greater his mind[?] in abstaining from it, and the surer he is of the most prostrate[?] adoration whether he makes use or does not make use of it. Q. < > Are not you too sarcastic? is there not somewhat of exaggeration in this A. No: exaggeration at all: nothing but the clearest reasoning. During the reign of the present most gracious sovereign and certainly not without the good pleasure any more than without the connivance[?] of His Majesty /Royal clemency/ when a law the product of antique barbarity a law by which in countless multitudes in multitudes so indeterminate as to be absolutely undiscoverable till the day of execution should arrive individuals without shadow or suspicion of guilt[?] or formality of trial in the instance of any one of them were consigned to ruin (all this was effected in old times by the King’s blood kind prerogative lawyers by the phrase corruption of blood) when a law to this effect was for lack of matter[?] to operate upon, on the point of expiring a fresh law was made for the revival of it.
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