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8 Oct. 1810
Parl. Reform Plan. Ch.1. Qualifications
8 Oct. r 1810
{1. Disqualifications none but such as would obstruct the proceedings by annoying the
assembled Members. }
{2. Primary internal qualifications the only d o ultimately
material.
{3. For the possession of these on the part of a majority their[?] free choice of
Electors is sufficient security}
{4. Want of qualification, even primary, no inconvenience in any instance unless in
that instance existing on the part of a majority}
{5. Interest adverse to that of the majority of the people no objection unless it had
place in the case of a majority of the members as under the system of corrupt
influence at[?] now lies.}
{6. If it were an objection it ought to shut out Scotch & Irish Members.}
{7. Therefore it applies not to Catholics, Jews, Mahomedans &c.}
8. An interest not extensive enough to prevail by votes can only prevail by arguments
8. To acknowledge of any such interest that it is likely to prevail by arguments is
to acknowledge that it is in the right.
Logical View
{1. Connection between Qualifications and disqualifications – external and factitious
& determinate elements of[?] […?] […?]
2. Sole use of both, securing the pecuniary internal qualifications.
General impropriety
3. Effect of /of any/ such legal disqualifications counteracting free choice it
affirms[?] that the elector will /may/ make a bad choice: bad in the respect in
question.
Particular propriety}
{4. Like cases where such counteraction[?] can be justifiable}
{2 The instance of bad choice liable to be immense enough to compose an efficient
majority of unfit persons. Placemen Kings dependents}
{1. A single person capable of doing a mischief which the majority could not prevent
or remedy. […?]manship & Womanhood.}
5. Opulence a false security for all elements of aptitude. viz. Probity:
intelligence: intent for action ( disposition to action
belongs to probity)
Harm of independence: compleat, not producible by opulence: as against constituents
not desirable.
6. Particular judgement of Electors (if free and numerous) a better test /proof/ of
relative aptitude than any of these general spots, of
inaptitude.
7. For special causes, produced or discovered since […?] expectation may be reasonable: presumption, ha this been known, he would not
have been elected: - but subject to re-election.
§.1 + Qualification & disqualif. their object real
& pretended
§.2. + Qualifications required at present.
§.3. + Disqualifications established at present
§.4. + To require a qualification is to establish a
disqualification
§.5. + Effect of disqualification with reference to the
rights of Electors
§.6. + Proper and improper causes of disqualification -
principles
§.7. Proper causes
1. […?]ness as on physical account
§.8. – 2. Womanhood
§.9. Office-holding (civil) […?] included
§.10. Improper courses.
1 […?] a moral
§.11.2 Sincerity
§.12.3. Want of opulence
§.13.4. Furnishing goods a labour for public service
§.14. Alienage.
§.15. Independence – here for a sign /mark/ of aptitude.
Qualifications and disqualifications […?] […?] in shares when the
people would prefer than[?] it becomes 17
th
[?] […?] under the proposed reading[?]
17 Nov r 1809
Parl y Ref m. B. Plan. Ch. 1.
Art. 1. Qualifications
§.2. Primary & 2 dary.
1.
Qualifications, primary /internal/ & secondary /exterior/ - p.1.
2.
Primary, probity and intelligence, and active talent p.1.
3
Secondary conduce[?] to primary. p.1.
4.
Power and will concurring, effect follows. p.1 –
5.
Power & will to fulfill this official duty concurring fulfillment follows.
p.1.
6.
On degree of (appropriate) intelligence depends power of
fulfillment as to this duty.
7.
On d o of probity, will as to d o. p 2
8
Hence all secondary qualifications are referable to probity & intelligence,
and active talent as the primary d o to which they are
subservient. p.2.
{ Next after this part
§. on Independence.
{ 9 or 1.
Secondary qualifications positive and negative.
10 or 2.
Positive fitting a man for the situation p.3
11 or 3.
Negative consisting in the absence of such as w d unfit him. p.3.
12 or 4 –
A negative qualification is the absence of a disqualification
13 or 5.
Between qualifications and disqualifications the line of distinction is variable
& depends on the accidental structure of language }
§.3. Probity first
14 or 6
Interest being such as to engage a man in a course of conduct opposite to probity,
intelligence tends but to unfit him p4
§.2/3/. {Primary &} 2 dary.
§.3. Probity first
15 or 7
Hence though both are indispensable probity with reference to the majority requires
for the […?] of it the greatest care. p4
16 or 8
In a trustee, probity (relative) consists in subservience
to relative interest of his principal.
17 or 9
If greatest happiness of greatest number be the end of government – a member is
trustee for his constituents & the people: immediately for his constituents ultimately for the
people for whom his constituents are themselves trustees. p5.
18 or 10
To fulfill his duty the line of conduct he pursues must be such as in his own judgment is most subservient to that end:- viz –
whatsoever be the line pointed out by any other will. p.6.
1
+ 1. Alienage.
2
+ 2. Non-use
Disqualifications improper convicted
8
+ 2. Criminality of nos[?] specified by law
6
3. + Exclusion indirect by the King
7
4. Exclusion indirect by an individual other than the man himself
4
5. + Peerage or possession of a Membership of /in/ the House
of Lords.
3
6. + Priesthood.
5
7. + Judgeship.
10
8. + Heterodoxy.
11
9. + Sincerity.
9
10. Libelling
12 Royal family[?].
Statute[?] test of persons disqualified or once supposed to be so.
1 + Aliens and persons naturalized
+ 2. Minors
+ 3. Clergy.
* { 4 Heirs apparent of Peers
+ * { 5. Ambassadors or Foreign Ministers
+ * { 6. […?] Geo r[?] and attendants in
House of Lords.
+ 7. Peoples[?] of Returning Officials[?]
+ * 8. Sick.
+ * 9. Outlaws and in Executions[?]
+ 10 - {Accepting[?] Officers[?]}
11 {Members […?]ing for other places}
I
1
{§.1. Primary and secondary
I. 2
§.2. Secondary position and negative.
I 4
§.3. of primary probity more to be aimed at than intelligence. viz on the part of the
majority.
I 3
§.4. Why probity, rather than independence }
I 3
§.5 6 Probity to be aimed at in the aggregate rather than in
individuals separately considered.
See Attendance.
§.6. Parl. y probity whence[?] it consists: as towards King
independence: as towards peoples dependence.
I 7
§.7. Means of securing the maximum of both.
1 No vote to Placemen or Pensioners {or Contractors?}
2. Annual dismissibility by constituents
I 8
§.8. Unimportance of probity as against private advan[?]:
{ Ch. 2. Of special disqualifications
II
§.9. Disqualifications – unimportance of all but those which consist in
innoxiousness.
II
Ch.3. Of pecuniary qualifications or rather disqualifications
II
§.10. Pecuniary qualification – uselessness[?] and mischievousness of the requisition
of it.}
Persons disqualified or liable to be proposed to be disqualified
{I. Absque delicto
1. Females
2. Aliens
3. Peers
4. Priests }
II. Propter delictione
+ 1. Convicts of infamous crimes
2. Libellous convicts
+ 3. Dissenters in Religion
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Title: [26[?] Nov r 1809 Parl Reform Plan]Description: 26[?] Nov r 1809 Parl Reform Plan Ch.10 Art 10[?] Qualification of Electors Remedy […?] 1. To prevent corruption Electors in each district should be numerous: hence qualifications should be such as are possessed by a great number 2. The more numerous the less the sollicitude about establishing grounds of disqualification. No matter if Jews[?], foreigners, lunatics or even convicts are included 3. Avoidance of litigation is more material than the exclusion of a few persons who if they were capable of constituting a majority would need to be disqualified. 4. On all these accounts payment to direct taxes recommends itself as far superior to any other qualification: because the title may with so little trouble and expence be placed[?] altogether out of dispute. 5. To this purpose and on this occasion neither probity nor intelligence are of considerable import not probity because no trusteeship, intelligence not because the choice will be limited to a very few candidates no one of whom if in any considerable degree notoriously improper would be likely to offer himself to public scrutiny
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