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1822 May 9
Constit. or Economy etc
1 Imperial loan obtained of Parl by Ministers on false pretences.
2 Bonaparte-confining money
Unwarrantable expence by office without profit to Office or over and
above profit to Office or to particular individuals or more than equivalent to the
whole community with reference to the interest of the greatest number is consumption
or pure waste. deducting the /any/ amount of profit to particular individuals
To this head may be referred
1. Expence produced by all war for any other than a defensive purpose
all such war is pure evil.
2. Expence charged on the subject many for the gratification of the
ruling few
To the head of expence charged on the subject many for the
gratification of the ruling few may be referred.
1. Expence attached to the government, acquisition and retention of
distant dependencies. Expence occasioned by distant dependencies
2. Of the expence occasioned by /employed in/ the fine arts
whatsoever part is charged upon the community at large /unwilling contributors not
individually consenting/: upon any individual without his individual consent.
3. Of the expence occasioned by /employed in/ the curiosities of
literature whatsoever part is charged upon contributors /individuals/ not
individually consenting.
4. Of the expence employed in what is called religion whatsoever part
is charged upon individuals /contributors/ not individually consenting.
5. Of the expence employed in what is called education whatsoever
part is charged upon contributors /individuals/ not individually consenting over and
above what is employed in securing the instruction necessary to the practice of the
arts of reading, writing and the universally applicable parts of arithmetic and
geometry.
6. Of the expence employed in what is called religion in what is
called education whatsoever is employed in the endeavour to cause individuals to
entertain or profess on the subject of what is called religion any opinion prescribed
or recommended by Government, or by individuals other than those individually
consenting and contributing to the expence.
Topics. 1. Corruption 2 delusion 3. Falsehood. Clergy more reason for
believing than unbelievers than believers
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Title: [[xxxviii. 5] 1822 May 26 Economy]Description: [xxxviii. 5] 1822 May 26 Economy etc. Topics. II. Expence minimized Proposed Heads or Topics 1. Unapt expenditure [...?] in the largest [...?] forms, modes or shapes 1. money 2. power. 3 dignity. 4. [...?] 5 ease in office 1. Things. 2 Personal services 2. Unapt pecuniary and quasi-pecuniary expenditure - [...?] etc 1. Unapt destinations. 2. Unapt expence in apt destinations 3. Expence 1 purely wasteful. 2. productive of ill-placed profit i.e. 1 in toto. 2. pro rata 4. Expence 1. by destination unapt in toto: by superfluity, the destination not unapt 5. Mischiefs of unapt expence. 1. Power of prevention 2. Production of evil practices 3. Prevention of good practices. 4 Corruption. 6. Pockets out of which the unapt expence may come 1. Publics. 2. Individuals. 7. Occasions on which the expenditure is made 1. Periodical. 2. Casual 3. Temporary. 4 Perpetual. 8. Codelinquents by unapt expence - parts borne by them. Shapes and degrees of Moral guilt attached to these several parts. 9. Remedies against unapt expence: viz. where destination is unapt For Identn. of interests make Deputies not reeligible Directive Rules. 1. All expence, in so far as the matter of it is drawn from unwilling contributors being evil, it lies upon him by whom each head or act of expenditure is justified, to shew that from such expenditure good in a specific form results, and that in comparison of the value of the evil, the value of the good is preponderant. Say - You who defend an expence, shew in what specific shape preponderant good results from it. II Unapt Destinations 1. Church Establishment 2. Distant Dependencies 3. Encouragement of Fine Arts and Useless Literature 4. Pensions of retreat 5. Relief of elevated indigence 6. Support of dignity. 7. Emolument of Offices 1. useless. 2. needless. 3. mischievous. Questionable destinations 1. Relief of indigence 2. Government education
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Title: [10 March 1804 + Note Polit]Description: 10 March 1804 + Note Polit. Economy Method Addenda? {I. Wealth III {Non} Agenda} 1 {General description of Agenda at public expence for the encrease of general opulence. Importations, of which[?], if set on foot by individuals, whether singly or in associations of limited extent the which expence would rest on the undertakers, while on foot by an individual, the whole outgoings would be defrayed at his expence /expence would rest upon him/, while the profit, though more than affording an ample remuneration /retribution/ /how ample so ever/ for the expence, would never return into the pocket from whence the expence came /not return to him/, in a proportion sufficient to pay for the expence. What is thus said of /in regard to/ a single individual may be applied to almost any limited number of individuals.} { Note Examples. Establishments for the propagation of knowledge: viz: on the subject of those arts, on which the augmentation or preservation of the matter of wealth, in any of its shape depends. In England 1. The Board of Agriculture. 2 The Royal Institution 3. The Veterinary School. 4. The Royal Academy: viz. to a certain degree, if considered in a certain point of view In each of these several instances, the amount of profit reasonably to be expected, is beyond calculation; while the individuals among whom it may come to be shared, are equally out of the reach of conjecture. As /On the other hand, in the character of/ a source of profit, there is no limited assemblage or class of individuals, to whom the establishment of any one of these institutions would at the same time have been practicable, have afforded a reasonable expectation of receiving payment for the expence. 5. An illustrious and more useful example, because more needful as well as more extensive than all those English ones put together supposing the execution to correspond with the design is afforded by the Universities and other education establishments now setting on foot in the Russian Empire. 6. France, on the same supposition, may be referred to as another. Of the recently-undertaken Canal, for a communication from Sea to Sea through Scotland, the justification will be to be sought for in the same principles, though the preponderance of profit over expence, can scarce expected to be /prove/ equally considerable. Of the profit, part though to an unassignable amount will {be reaped by} /distributes itself among/ a limited, and perhaps individually assignable, description of individuals: other part {will be distributed /distributes itself/,} in portions altogether unassignable, among individuals more clearly unassignable: viz: among the community at large. Suppose the profit to the local proprietors and other neighbouring inhabitants adequate, and suppose a fund, adequate to the whole expence obtainable from that same source, the propriety of a contribution at the public expence falls to the ground.}
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Title: [1821 July 9 Codification Offer]Description: 1821 July 9 Codification Offer '.9. Factitious mischievous IV. Encouragement of Fine Arts IV. Encouragement of the Fine Arts. Under the denomination of the Fine Arts are comprized those arts by which amusement is afforded and nothing else. If in this amusement the greatest number were partakers and at the same time the amusement could not be obtained by them otherwise than by forced contribution, imposed on all, something might be said if not in justification in apology for the power exercised by the exaction of forced contribution, of money from unwilling contributors for this purpose. But in these /the enjoyment derived from these/ amusements it may be said without any exception that the greatest number are not partakers. The individuals and the only individuals that are partakers of them are individuals that belong to the class of those who are in affluent or at the least in easy circumstances: who in a word belong to the class of the ruling and influential few. In many an instance out of the taxes money has been employed for the defraying the expence of some source of an amusement in which not one individual in a hundred not one individual in a thousand are partakers. Money thus employed is money taken /obtained/ in the way of robbery from the poor by the rich for their own use, obtained by false pretences: obtained by the false pretence of employing it for the service of all or at any rate of the greatest number when in truth it is only to the use of the smaller number, almost in every instance an extremely small number /proportion/ that it is applied: in the way of robbery taken from the defenceless by the class of the pretended wise and good /of those by whom a superiority in the scale of wisdom and goodness is assumed./
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