date

1822 June 10 Economy etc In
1822 June 10

Economy etc

In a pure Monarchy the form of government has for its sole object or

end in view the greatest happiness of that one supremely ruling functionary /the

Monarch/

In a mixt Monarchy such as that of England the form of government has

for its object the greatest happiness of the Monarch, with the addition of that of

the comparatively few who in the character of partners /associates/ or necessary

instruments have become sharers with him in the power and profit of government

In a political community in which the form of government has for its

sole object the greatest happiness of the greatest number, the greatest happiness of

the greatest number requires that the whole of the Official Establishment /on the

part of all the several /each functionary// aptitude for contributing his part to

that same end, according to the nature of his Office be maximized /at its maximum/.

In the form of Government which has place In England the form of

government having for its object the greatest happiness of the Monarch with the

conjointly ruling and subruling few his associates the greatest happiness of the

partnership requires that on the part of each functionary aptitude for contributing

his part to that same end be maximized and that in so far as aptitude with relation

to the greatest happiness of the greatest number would be detrimental with relation

to that same particular and sinister end, all such right and proper aptitude should

be minimized, or if /and were it/ possible excluded
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  • Title: [1822 June 10 Economy Part IV]
    Description: 1822 June 10

    Economy

    Part IV.

    England as example

    A form of government which has for its all comprehensive end in view

    the greatest happiness of the greatest number has for its component and immediately

    subordinate ends in view two: namely 1. Aptitude viz Appropriate official aptitude

    maximized 2. Expence viz Expence of government minimized

    In England the form of government has for its component and

    immediately subordinate ends in view these three 1 Aptitude with reference to the

    interest of the partnership maximized: 2. Aptitude with reference to the universal

    interest in so far as the partnership is adverse to it minimized. 3. Expence, viz

    Expence of Government maximized.

    Out of the expence of government comes the profit to the Monarch and

    his associates: the sum of the /that same/ profit encreases with the sum of the

    expence: therefore it is that in this case it is the interest and thence the

    principal subordinate end of government that that expence be maximized.

    Part IV

    Illustrtation in /by/ the way of Contrast. Immediately Subordinate

    end aimed /pursued/ under a Government having for its end in view the greatest

    happiness of a partnership composed of a Monarch and his associates in power /the

    Monarch in a mixt Monarchy/: namely 1. Expence of Government /Official Expence/

    maximized: 2. Official Aptitude minimized. A Government of this sort exemplified in

    the case of England.

    Good Government illustrated by its opposite /Misgovernment/. Outline

    of English Government.

    Misgovernment exemplified. England the example.
  • Title: [1822 June 17 Economy etc Hence]
    Description: 1822 June 17

    Economy etc

    Hence for instruction and remembrance and standards of reference we have these formulae /axioms./ /aphorisms./

    1 Sole justifiable end of laws, greatest happiness of greatest number

    2. Immediate direct means or immediately subordinate end, aptitude maximized on the part of functionaries of all sorts employed in /about/ and under the law, appropriate aptitude maximized maximization of appropriate aptitude.

    3 Collateral means or /and/ immediately subordinate end, expence minimized minimization of expence.

    I. Aptitude

    Appropriate aptitude is aptitude with relation to the end Inaptitude is the absence or the opposite of aptitude. In the case of a functionary of Government appropriate aptitude is appropriate official aptitude.

    In /Of/ appropriate official aptitude with relation to the end of government and laws three branches or elements may /require to/ be distinguished, namely 1. Appropriate moral aptitude: 2. appropriate intellectual aptitude: 3. appropriate active aptitude

    Appropriate intellectual aptitude again requires to be distinguished into 1. appropriate knowledge: 2. appropriate judgment.

    For maximizing appropriate official aptitude in these its several branches the arrangements and other means employed by the Constitutional branch of law may be termed Securities for these several branches of appropriate official aptitude: These securities for it, are so many efficient causes of it: they respectively so many concurrent causes: the aptitude produced by them, their joint /common/ effect.
  • Title: [[clviii. 342] 1822 June 14.]
    Description: [clviii. 342]

    1822 June 14.

    Economy etc.

    23. or 6. As to intercourse for the conveyance of Office appointed voting functionary's pocket, intercourse by words or other general instruments of discourse, is no more necessary between the one and the other than between Barrow Woman and Cat.

    24. or 7. Hence for loading a nation with 600 millions of Debt, and 100,000 soldiers in 30 years no more appropriate aptitude, moral, intellectual or active is necessary on the part of English Statesmen than is possessed by all Cats meat barrow women and all cats.

    25. or 1. On what Functionaries the corruption operates, and to whose prejudice, depends on the form of Government.

    26. or 2. Case 1. Absolute Monarchy. End of Government, Monarch's greatest happiness: people's happiness no object of regard. Of people, no delegates, Agents, and Trustees Here, sole sinister sacrifice do. of Monarchs interest.

    27. or 3. Note here difference between Monarchy and Republic.

    In both cases, ,5. Corruptors bribe. Suppose received by an Exciseman or other Tax-gathering functionary: loss to revenue ,100. Under a Republic, interest sacrificed is the people's interest: under Monarchy, the Monarch's: unless the defalcation is made up for by more taxes

    28. or 4. As to the position that the people do not form in a Monarchy any object of regard, the very fact that the government is a Monarchy suffices for demonstration of it.