JB_024_259.xml

Title: [1822 Decr 16 Tripoli. Securities against]

Description: 1822 Decr 16 Tripoli. Securities against Misrule 7o Preliminary Explanation

?.2. Remedy - Publicity Publ. Opin. Tribunal ? Unofficial where inferior its

disadvantages

Intestine plagues /depredators/ of this class being essential /innate/

accompaniments /inmates/ of the constitution of every political community. They

exist, nor can they ever cease to exist in a representative democracy even

though constituted in the purest form possible: in that form they may be kept

under in such sort as not to [...?] to be productive of any considerable

mischief: but they can not consistently with the security of the whole ever be

altogether extirpated. Thus stands the matter in the only sort of government

which has for its object the greatest happiness of the greatest number: for as

to all others they have for their object the greatest happiness of the smaller

number, at the expence of that of the greater.

In a Monarchy at the head of the essentially /highest/ predatory class is

stationed the arch-depredator - the Monarch: a creature /parasite/ in whose

devouring and consuming maw /one maw/ for the small chance of giving encrease to

the felicity of that one being the sustenance of thousands and ten thousands of

others whose claims are as good as his is consumed

The analogy between this original /innate/ disease of the body politic and one

of the diseases which in the body natural though frequent is but casual can not

have escaped the observing eye: in the class of malefactors so called and

treated as such may be seen the ascarides /[...?]/ by which the lowest parts of

the intestinal canal are occupied and infested: in the higher parts in the

aristocrats may be seen the teretes, the smooth and polished sort as the name

imports: in the Monarch, the solitary worm in French le ver solitaire, no

constitution being equal to the endurance of more than one, the extraction of

which is at once so difficult, so perilous, and yet so necessary. An emblem is

not a proof; accordingly neither is it here meant for such. But if furnished by

the nature of the case and happily chosen, it will contribute clearness and

strength to the conception, and for this purpose alone is it here /on this

occasion/ brought to view.

JB_160_389.xml

Title: [[clx. 389] 1823. Feb. 9 Constitut]

Description: [clx. 389]

1823. Feb. 9

Constitut. Code

III. Reason-Giving

Ch.2. Constitutive

?.2 Remedy Publicity

Publ. Opin. Tribunal

Sections

Demarcation impossible and needless

?. Between the two Sections - i.e. the members of the one and those of the other, no line of demarcation line can be drawn but that which is drawn by difference in respect of interest.

As to distinction between these two Sections to draw for any instant of time any determinate boundary line - a line on the one side of which shall be the situation of the several individuals belonging to the one section, on the other side all the several individuals belonging to the other, is plainly impossible is plainly precluded by the nature of the case. is neither possible nor any thing like necessary. \ZA\ Speak to necessity afterwards. If of the superiority in question there were but one element, say /[...?]/ factitious dignity, yes: to the aristocratical belong all who /by whom/ possess any [...?] particle, however small, of this creature of the imagination: to the democratical all who have not any particle of it. So perhaps, if instead of the factitious dignity it were power: understand political power, to the exclusion of domestic. So far then as depends upon two of the efficient causes of /species of matter of which/ aristocratical superiority /is composed/, yes. But what remains is the third, consisting /composed of the matter/ of wealth. To this article attach two causes of impossibility: one consisting of /constituent being the article of/ quantity the other being that of time

First as to quantity. As where physical light is concerned it is impossible to say where brightness /dulness/ ends and gives place to dulness /brightness/, so is it to say where poverty or indigence ends and gives place to affluence. So as to affection[?]

2. So as to time. Suppose a /the/ quantity determined - the quantity and thereby the Section to which each man appertains. For to day good: but tomorrow, one man /some men in any number/, by encrease given to his quantity has from the indigent class mounted /been lifted/ up into the opulent: another /others/ from the affluent been sunk down into the indigent class.

JB_160_390.xml

Title: [[clx. 390] 1823 Feb. 9 Constitut]

Description: [clx. 390]

1823 Feb. 9

Constitut. Code

III Reason-giving

Ch 2. Constitutive

?.2. Remedy Publicity

Publ. Opin. Tribunal

Sections

Demarcation impossible

Nor yet with a view to action, to influence on the conduct of the individuals in question, are the above, any of them, the immediate efficient /immediately operating/ causes. Of action The sole efficient cause and the sole efficient cause if interest be taken in its most enlarged sense is interest: i.e. according to each mans conception /perception/ of what at the moment in question is his most forcibly influencing interest: the interest constituted by social sympathy and antipathy as well as that which is of purely self-regarding complection included.

Thus to the purpose of action to the aristocratical section belong all such individuals who in respect /by hope/ of factitious dignity, power or wealth are dependent on the members of the aristocratical section: so, to the democratical of those who by factitious dignity, power, affluence by all or any of these articles are aggregates /appertain/ to the aristocratical Section, at any moment of time any one who /whose affections and interests are/ by sympathy with the sufferings of thise belonging to the democratic section or by antipathy towards /produced by dissension with/ this or that portion of the aristocratical section is thus transferred in reality /to the practical purpose in question/ to the side opposite to that on which he is seated in appearance.