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[clxii. 55]
1820 June 22
Emancipation Spanish
Conclusion
Rulers gainers
They were the class of persons (and the only class of persons) who of and for themselves had been sufferers in this way or continued exposed to the being so. Why? because they were the class of persons, who during the dominion of the Cortes had shared in that power of which in proportion to the share so possessed and exercised by them the Kings advisers whoever they were had been divested. They were the only class of persons who of themselves and for themselves were thus oppressed: if of your class of you the subject many any individuals were /had been/ in any such way /been/ oppressed it was on account of your attachment, of supposed attachment to these your rulers.
They extended to you the benefit of the relief - why? because without you they could not have obtained it nor could they expect the continuance. Speaking of them individually I do not say that if they and could continue the relief to themselves excluding you from it at the same time, and continuing you in a state of subjection to it at their hands and in their favour they would do so: for individually they are not known to me. But what /All I/ say is - that considering what man is and that they are men, I can not regard it as in a preponderant degree probable that their conduct as towards you would supposing them to feel themselves at liberty be as above. In England, speaking according to the common notion Simon de Montfort being at the head of what was called a rebellion against King Henry the third, summoned the people at large to send deputies to the seat of government to take measures for raising a sum of money that was wanted for the support of the rebellious and thus gave birth to the House of Commons. But do you suppose that if he could have got the money without giving himself the trouble, he would have forborne doing so? Not he indeed.
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Title: [[clxii. 54] 1820 June 22 Emancipation]Description: [clxii. 54] 1820 June 22 Emancipation Spanish Conclusion Rulers gainers Your present rulers - the /your/ Kings present advisers, have rescued you from the dominion of your late rulers, the King's former advisers. True. But from the relief thus given you from the former yoke, it does not follow that they will be disposed to subject you to /keep you subject, in so far as may be/ another Yoke: from their repugnance & abhorrence manifested towards the relief given /obtained/ to you and themselves from a yoke by /under/ which they suffered, it does not follow that the same repugnance /horror/ will on their part be felt for a yoke imposed by themselves and for their own profit. a yoke as profitable to themselves, and in case of need, no less as grievous to you. I do not say they will do so. Individually of myself I know nothing of them, except what I see in public prints. I have no prejudice against them or any of them, any prepossessions in relation to them I have are all in their favour. I do not say then that they will do so. But what /all that/ I say is that in the natural course of things is - that, unless to a certain degree opposed, they should do so , for the natural course of things is that men /in their situation/ any in the situation in which they have been and are placed, men - any man - should if in his power do so. They have saved you amongst others - you the subject many - from arbitrary and servile[?] imprisonment and torture: they have abolished the Inquisition - that tribunal by which oppression in that shape was inflicted. True. But how came they to do so? Why? to what end /for whose sake/ was it that they did so? I will not say that in so doing your interest was not at any time in the thoughts of any of them: I believe not any such thing: I know no ground I have for the believing /any such belief/any such thought./ But what I do say is that it was principally for their own sake. Why? not only because every man is dearer[?] to himself than any other man is, but because they, and they in a peculiar if not exclusive degree were the class of persons exposed to all such oppressions
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Title: [[clxii. 70] 1820 May 13 Emancipation]Description: [clxii. 70] 1820 May 13 Emancipation Spanish ' 6. Rulers arguments Virtues no security Rulers continually cry Utopia! they fundatum /radically/ Utopians. ' 6,7. Rulers arguments continued - By no virtues that have been or can have been displayed is any security afforded against the compleat abuse of such power. These virtues good reason for trusting them with the maintenance of power over Spain: none for do. over Colonies. In regard to these same virtues - all such of them as have manifested themselves - by no man can they be regarded with a sincerer pleasure than that with which they have been and continue to be regarded by me. But by no virtues that have been manifested by them or any of them - even had the same virtues been manifested in the highest degree by all of them - is it rendered in any degree the more probable, that for the sake of the profit obtainable as above to themselves - whether individually or collectively taken they would not be at all times ready to subject the whole Spanish nation collectively, to loss to any amount, in the shapes above indicated, or any others, their own share in it being included as it could not but be. Let us see what the virtues are that have been manifested, and what the persons by whom they have manifested and what the virtues that have respectively been manifested. The persons of the ruling class by whom virtues have been manifested are 1. in the first place the army officers. 2. in the next place, members of the non-military part of the government, administration[?] department and legislature taken together. 1. As to the Army officers, the virtue most conspicuous and most transcendent is courage. In the ordinary state /case/ of military service, it is only from one source that military men expose themselves to danger of death and wounds and death namely that of ordinary military warfare: in the case in question in addition to danger from that source a danger which would only be occasional and temporary, they exposed themselves to death and /with/ pecuniary loss to their relatuives at the hands of a despotic government which on failure of the insurrection would have continued in encreased wrath as well as encreased power.
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Title: [[clxii. 46] 1820 June 18 Emancipation]Description: [clxii. 46] 1820 June 18 Emancipation Spanish ' 11. Rulers arguments 2. People attached 2. Argument 2. In vain would you suppose the share possessed by the subject many in the dominion and the power belonging to it - in vain would you had us expect to see it regarded even by the subject many with indifference - it has been the object of pride, of exultation and proportionate attachment to every man who bears the name of Spaniard, and do and say what you will, will continue for ever so to be. Not one - no not one - will endure to be deprived of it Answer. Easily and all this: just as easily as if it were true. Still the same distinction must again be brought to view. The ruling few? yes: and not only those who at the time in question were part and parcel of /helped to comprise/ that number, but all others that looked to be /become/ so: not the ruling few in possession only, but the ruling few in expectancy likewise. But the subject many? who among the ruling few has ever vouchsafed /bestowed/ a thought upon the subject many, unless it be for the purpose of thinking what is the greatest burthen they can be made to bear, and what is the most effectual mode of loading it upon their backs. To answer for the subject many - on this or any other occasion - nothing is more easier. But to shew any [...?] for any [...?] assumption nothing can be more difficult. /Among/ /To/ Those who, saving themselves the trouble of thinking and speaking for themselves leave it to others to think or pretend to think and at any rate to speak for them among /on the part of/ these in a considerable number the alledged attachment may hitherto (who can say /be sure/ to the contrary?) may [...?] have had place. Many [...?] have had place. But from the burthens hitherto would this thence forward follow? Not it indeed. In all these matters things have already changed. In former days it was impossible for men /the subject many/ to think for themselves was impossible. It was [made?] so to those and purposely. Now they are courted [?] to it: and in greater and greater/ever increasing/ abundance the means of doing so will be put or at least will come, into their hands.
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