date

1820 May 16 Emancipation Spanish
1820 May 16

Emancipation Spanish

Ult r

'.7. Rulers gainers

4 Rulers gainers

2. Money through patronage

To the protegéthus served - to the protegé into whose pocket the pecuniary profit is introduced, the patron becomes an object of gratitude, real or assumed, to all those, being in situations analogous to that of the protegé thus served regard themselve as having /possessing/ a chance of recommending themselves in an adequate degree to the favour of the patron, he is an object of hope.

By patrons' profit on goods furnished, the loss to the public the suffering to the subject many is in one respect /on one account/ liable to be greater than by patrons profit on the official pay of subordinate nominees if /of/ the goods furnished the expence in the whole of it either needless or useless or needless, and the patrons' inducement for causing the goods to be furnished is the pecuniary /commercial/ profit made by the furnisher of the goods as above, and his object in causing them to be furnished is the raising a certain sum to be put into his own pocket or that of some connection of his, in this case the loss to the public is not merely equal to the furnishers profit upon the goods but to the whole of the price paid for the goods: to put into his own pocket a given sum he is in this case under the necessity of causing to the public a loss to the amount perhaps of ten times as much In the first /one/ case the offence, if, on the part of the class of functionaries in question any injury done to the public is /be/ treated on the footing of an officer, the officer comitted by the patron in causing the goods to be furnished /official pay to by paid/ /disbursed/ is peculation pro toto, is in toto: in the other case the offence is peculation pro ratâ not the whole of the loss to the public, only a per centage made on it
Similar Items
  • Title: [1820. May 16 Emancipation Spanish]
    Description: 1820. May 16

    Emancipation Spanish

    Ult r

    '.7. Rulers gainers

    '. Rulers gainers

    2. Money through patronage

    3. Profit of patronage by vendors or leaders profit on goods moveables or immoveables supplied /furnished/ for the use of government: for the use of the public under the management of the /these same/ rulers. As it is commonly through the intervention of a contract that the articles in question are supplied, this branch of official profit may be termed profit of patronage in the case of contracts.

    In this case the utmost personal profit capable of being made by the patron is equal not to the whole value and price of the goods but only to the whole of the mercantile profit made on them by the immediate furnishers with whom the official patron deals. It is in regard the case of profit of patronage derived from this cource is on the same case as profit of patronage derived from official pay: in the one case as well as in the other in so far as by the money put into the pocket of the protegé the patron, saves an equal sum from being taken out of his own, that, which is as appearance profit to the protegé is in fact profit made it is evident is not quite so apt to find its way into the pocket of the patron, as the profit made on the official pay /as above on official pay/ of subordinate nominees

    But in both cases /instances/ in the more common case /state of things/ the profit made by the protegé whether in the shape of official pay or in the shape of profit on goods furnished goes entire into the pocket of the protegé: and so far as this is the case /has place/ the sort of double profit as above has place: in the situation of the protegé, profit in the shape of money; in the situation of the patron profit in the shape of power viz. power of patronage or power encreased by exercise of patronage.
  • Title: [1820 June 10 Emancipation Spanish]
    Description: 1820 June 10

    Emancipation Spanish

    Ult r

    '.7. Rulers gainers

    In the profit derivable by the ruling few from this /particular/ source there is little or nothing to distinguish it from the profit derivable by means of political power from any /all/ other sources. On this account for the purpose of this particular enquiry it becomes necessary to present /bring/ to view a sort of inventory of all the forms /shapes/ in which profit considered as derived /attached to and/ from political power is [...?] to assume is capable of presenting itself /may be seen/.

    When profit is here spoken of, what is meant to be spoken of is - not profit in the narrowest and most usual sense of the word, namely pecuniary profit profit in the shape of money, but profit in its very widest sense, profit in the very widest sense of which the word is susceptible - profit in a sense co-extensive with that of the word good: and in that most extensive sense of the word good, in which the exclusion of or exemption from evil is included: and so in the case of the opposite and correspondent word loss.

    Profit considered as reaped by a trustee at the expence and to the loss of those /of his principle-/ for whom he is in trust, in the case of pecuniary profit [...?] to be is in some cases designated by the word peculation.

    Peculation has been distinguished into peculation in toto, and peculation pro-rata. Peculation in toto, is where in his endeavours to acquire for himself a given sum, the trustee extracts /takes/ no more than tha same sum out of the pockets of /from/ those for whom he is in trust. Peculation pro rata is where in his endeavours to acquire for himself a given sum, the trustee takes any greater sum out of the pockets of those for whom he is in trust.
  • Title: [1820 May 16 Emancipation Spanish]
    Description: 1820 May 16

    Emancipation Spanish

    Ult r

    '.7. Rulers gainers

    '. Rulers gainers

    2. Money through patronage

    Thus supposing a man in office to regard himself as having need of a sum of money which he is disposed to put into his own pocket at the public expence. If his situation be such that he has it in his power to get the whoole at once out of the public treasury, so much the better: the loss to the public is equal to the profit to him but to no more. But if his situation be such that to make the /a/ profit to himself to the amount of so much he is obliged to impose on the public an expence and thence a loss to the amount of ten times as much or a hundred times as much, one say in what sort of a situation the public is: and how radically pernicious and corrupt a Constitution can not but be in which any such thing can have place.

    Under a Constitution such as the English it is on the sort of peculation called peculation pro ratâ that those wars which have never been commenced for sufficient cause nor ever terminated but with the faculty of carrying them on may be seen to have their rise. See below.

    + Lord [...?], the Hon. [...?...?] Burkes proteges Pavil and Bainbridge I The King - Lord Eldon - see W. Scott. Lord [...?] Lord Erskine - See W. [...?]