date

1820 May 20 Emancipation Spanish
1820 May 20

Emancipation Spanish

Ult r

'.7. Rulers gainers

'.4. Rulers gainers

3. Services through [...?] not pecuniary

3. Profit in the shape of power, through the medium of indeterminate and nameless, but boundless services, at the hands of candidates /aspirants/ for subordinate official situations.

On the present occasion, it would be at one endless and needless and endless to expatiate on a topic which applies to power, and in proportion to the quantity of it under whatsoever government in whatsoever occasion, excersible. /Be the man in power who he may/ To the numbe of individuals whose endeavours are built upon the ingratiating themselves each have upon the recommending themselves to his favour, there are no bounds, nor as little to the different shapes in which they may at once be able and willing to render him their services, and put him in possession of all the acquirable /the receivable/ instruments of felicity in all imaginary shapes.

The shapes least costly to the aspirant himself will of course be the shape which other circumstances equal will be preferred by him: and of those no one is less costly than flattery in all its shapes: intimation given of the degree of appropriate aptitude in all its several shapes possessed by him will be it what it may, which is fortunate enough to have him for its occupier.

The parasite whose services are in the shape of flattery and whose [...?] reward, in the shape of the pleasures of the table, is among the subjects of the earliest [...?] that have come down to us. But if such be the power of a good meal once and then repeated, what must be the power of a provision for life /ever/ to such members, who might otherwise have been in want of one in the state of starvation or in the continual prospect of it?
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  • Title: [1820 May 20 Emancipation Spanish]
    Description: 1820 May 20

    Emancipation Spanish

    '.7. Rulers gainers

    '.4. Rulers gainers

    4. Power - vengeance

    4. Profit in the shape of power by application of it to the purpose of doing evil to any such persons to whom it happens to become objects of the means of vengeance, or of his ill-will in any other shape.

    The gratification afforded by vengeance is the gratification afforded to ill-will - to the desire of producing unhappiness /suffering/ in another, in the case where this desire has for its origin the opinion that that other has been the author of evil to the man /individual/ in question - the possessor of the supposed power.

    For /Of/ the giving exercise to this power of evil doing in this shape the means employed may be either in a direct way belonging to the superior functionary in question himself in virtue of his official situation, or it may be the continuation of the whole or of any part of the sum of the powers in all shapes possessed by the train of aspirants attracted to him as above.

    If on the one hand an official situation draws with /to/ it, as above a train of obsequious friends, on the other hand so does it in various ways a correspondent train of advisors. The greater the number the [...?] and the quality of ill-will with reference to him possessed by the train of individuals, the more frequent will and the more frequently you and to the greater degree success[?] naturally to the endeavours employed by those adversaries to bring down upon him suffering in all imaginable shapes: and [...?] correspondently frequent the demand created for the exercise of the power of vengeance.
  • Title: [1820 May 9 Emancipation Spanish]
    Description: 1820 May 9

    Emancipation Spanish

    '.5. People Sufferers

    1. First then I say, setting aside the ruling few themselves, of whom afterwards, it would be against the interest of the Spanish people at large, that their rulers should in any shape exercise dominion over the people of Spanish America in the several provinces or any one of them. This is the position: the reasons follow

    2. Neither in many nor in any other shapes would they upon the balance of the account be gainers.

    3. On the contrary in that and other shapes they would be sufferers.

    If they were gainers an any shape /respect/ it would be either in the shape of money or in the shape of power

    In the shape /respect/ of money they would not be to gainers. On the contrary they would on the balance of the account be great sufferers

    If by such dominion they were gainers in respect of money, it would be either by money received by them or to their use either for an a /a complete/ equivalent given by /to/ them, or without any such equivalent.

    If for an equivalent, this is in other words by the profit made by trading with them. But to make profit from a people by means of trade carried on with them it is not necessary to exercise dominion over them, as more than over any other people - those of France and England for example - whom they trade with

    If by means of their dominion they were to make in trading with their possessions any profit more than they would make without exercising any such dominion, there would not be money received from them for an equivalent given to them. It would be money received in some way or other by an indirect tax: a tax of which [...?] [...?] the burthen would not be the less heavily felt.
  • Title: [1820. May 14[?] Emancipation Spanish]
    Description: 1820. May 14[?]

    Emancipation Spanish

    Ult r

    '.7. Rulers gainers

    ' Rulers gainers

    1. Money direct

    2. Money through patronage

    This profit may be distinguished into main branches: 1 profit direct is the shape of money; 2 profit in the shape of power /money through the medium/; 3 profit in the shape of power throught the medium of services other than pecuniary 4 profit in the shape of incidental vengeance

    1. /As to/ The profit in the shape of money.

    This again may be divided into three branches

    1. /Pecuniary/ Profit entering directly into the pocket of the individual /person/ /functionary/ in question: profit received by him in the shape of official pay - of official pay to himself, in remuneration /retribution/ for his individual services

    Of the whole mass of /correspondent/ expence and profit the advantages entire and without abatement and constantly into the pocket of the individual and the greater the expece of this part is to the people the smaller the profit of the rulers /ruling few/ is not merely correspondent to Cost exactly equal to the expence and correspondent burthen imposed upon the people.

    2. Profit entering indirectly into the pockets of the rulers Profit received by that /correspondent/ class of rulers by /from/ whom the receptive subordinates receive their appointments.

    Here /is given/ in the case /situation/ of the subordinates the profit to the ruler is not merely correspondent but equal to the loss to the people.

    But attached to this profit, which is peculiar to the subordinates, there is another which belongs to the superordinates: namey the pecuniary profit of patronage: that part of the profit of patronage that part which is in the shape of money. This profit may in the instance /case/ of each subordinate this profit may be so high as to be equal, or it may by any amount fall short of being so.