1820 May 20

Emancipation Spanish

'. Rulers gainers

'.4. Rulers gainers

8. Profit through

9. Profit by power through the medium of public esteem, respect, reputation, fame and so forth.

1 of esteem and respect the existence[?] and value is /may be/ as[?] distinct from that of power. But

Whatsoever quantity of power as which in these several shapes a man is or has been in possession of, profit in th esubtle and refined shapes there designated, in[?] [..?] /which howsoever/ in its amount is not the less real or the less perceptible in its effects, attaches itself itself of course to profit in that more substantial shape. Take two men, who /whom/ considered /frame of mind/ /call/ in every[?] personal and private point of view are as near as possibly the same, let /place/ one of them have occupied a public office to which power in a certain quantity is attached, which /let/ the other has never been in possession of any such office a higher degree of public esteem, respect, reputation call it what you will, will be sure to be possessed by the official than by the un-official person. Let the official person quit the office, a portion of this esteem, respect and reputation will leave him, but a portion will nevertheless remain to him.

Note

(a) Vengeance, inaptitude and impunity perhaps excluded

(b) Napoleon, Joseph, Lewis, Jerome, as compared with Lucia Bonaparte: if to the first forementioned - the four Ex-Kings there be any one of them in relation to whom Lucia is in respect of profit in these shapes superior, it is in the personal character of the individuals that the cause of this superiority must be loked for.
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    Of every office the value is directly as the profit in all shapes that belong to it, and inversely as the labour - /irksomeness and/ quantity and quality /degree of irksomeness/ considered employed in the exercise of the functions belonging to it. in a word directly in the degree of ease attached to it.

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    In the situation of incumbent functionary filling the office in question that the quantity of time and the degree of labour /[...?]/ in so far as exertion is attended with [...?] may be as small as profitable: the situation will in this proportion be be worth the more to him in this direct way.

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    State superior in value to profit in the most profitable of all the abovementioned shapes, is the profit of impunity. The utmost suffering of which man is susceptible is much greater than /much more than equivalent to/ the utmost enjoyment of which man is susceptible. Supppose punishment endeavoured to be attached to the enjoyment /[...?]/ is the endeavour to enjoy at the expense of the public[?] /universal/ interest and welfare profit in all in every of the abovementioned three best[?] mentioned[?] shapes - preponderantly mischievous profit undue vengeance - undue ease, /profit by [...?]/ or profit by /in/ respect of relative inaptitude on the part of the incumbent. Suppose punishment attached to any or every such endeavour, and that notwithstanding the punishment it is still the interest of the individual to receive or pursue[?] the profit in these several shapes respectively attached to the office in these several shapes, take away the punishment, the encrease given to the value of the profit in these several shapes is manifest and proportionate and manifestly so.

    But the impunity which [...?] in this shape and in this quantity the profit is small indeed in comparison of the whole mass /that of the aggregate amount/ of impunity as measured by the extent and relative profitableness of the /all/ misdeeds which by means of the aggregateness[?] of power in the hands of the body of which the functionary in question is a member is[?] more[?] secured /[...?] in the enjoyment of. See below
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    The greater the quantity of influence in all its shapes possessed by the in /is which/ through the medium of the dominion in question is /will be/ in the possession of the whole body of the rulers in question - of influence in all its shapes - influence of understanding on understanding - influence of will on will - influence by means of official power - influence by means of opulence - influence by means of natural dignity and consequent reputation - influence by means of factitious dignity - the greater the force with which they will be enabled to act towards /promote/ the accomplishment /fulfilment/ of that wish /those wishes/ which they being men their conduct can not fail of being determined by - the wish on the part of each to pursue /advance/ his own personal interest in all those several shapes in which as above, it can not be attained /promoted/ /advanced/ but at the expence, to the prejudice, and by the sacrifice, of the universal interest.