date

[clxii. 177] 1820 May 23 Emancipation
[clxii. 177]

1820 May 23

Emancipation Spanish

'. 7. Rulers gainers

Factitious dignity

If so it be that the operation of this instrument to purposes pernicious to the community /people/ is the general rule while the operation of it to the benefit of the community in any shape as matter of accident - the instances in which it has place forming exceptions and these rare ones, the stronger /more forcible/ the more efficient[?] the more irresistible the operation of it is, the more anxious and determined [...?] and strenuous ought to be the endeavours /efforts/ //exertions// of those whom it concerns all who are real friends of the people to rid the government and the country of every nuisance in these shapes
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    But even in this case the effects of it may be pronounced so much pure evil - it may safely be asserted it produces /of it that it produces/ considerable evil and no good in any shape
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    10. Factitious dignity

    Scarcely under any government but in a Monarchy is this instrument in use: and according as the Monarchy is of the pure or the mixt sort the case is /effects of it are/ considerably different.

    Under a pure monarchy it can hardly be said to produce any mischievous effect. Under a pure Monarchy there is so much mischief done by more potent injuries - that there is no room for any more Under /For fulfilling the purpose of/ a pure Monarchy punishment /the matter of force/ is of itself nearly /comparatively/ sufficient: as there is nothing good there is nothing to corrupt: as the people have none that so much as pretend to care for them, to advocate /support/ their cause /interest/ there are none on whom it is necessary to operate for the purpose of inducing /to induce/ them to betray that /the/ universal interest.

    In a mixt Monarchy is the great and almost the sole demand for it: the /a/ demand for it for the purpose of engaging /practising //operating// upon/ those who are [...?] to be and are stiled as guardians of the peoples interest and so causing them to betray their trust.

    But as in a mixt Monarchy as in a pure monarchy the interests of the chief ruler are repugnant to and absolutely irreconcilable with those of the people whom he rules. In addition therefore to these other instruments, without which neither that nor any other form of government can support itself, it is smaller and ineffectual instrument in his hands applicable to the same pernicious purposes.
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    So much for bad use /uses/, now as to good use /uses/ need of it there is none - there is not any where any need of it

    No proof has ever been given - no proof can ever be given that with this sort of inducement of reward in prospect more and better service will be rendered in this or any other time will be evident than where there is no such instrument of reward in prospect.

    The English with the new Duke of Wellington at their head and divers others by their side got the better of the French oftener than the French got the better of them. The Duke of Wellington got this Dukedom of his, at a time when under the apprehension of lowering the dignity of it so much as to sink the dignity of the children /men/ of the blood royal when invested with it, it had become a sort of maxim[?] of government to reserve it for this race /caste/ so essentially distinct from and presumably /incomparably/ superior to all others. But by no consideration /evidence/ can it be proved, or so much as in any degree rendered probable, that without any such reward in this shape - or any other factitious shape in propect whatsoever preeminance in skill and [...?] was displayed by this soldier would not have been equally displayed without it. Not to speak of reputation and so forth life itself would have been at stake without it, and as without life no instrument of felicity in any shape can be possessed, in this situation as in every other, the anxiety to preserve life without loss of reputation would have sufficed to call forth all the exertions that could be called forth, and D r Prices globes of solid gold, the produce of a farthing put out at interest could not command any thing more.