date

[clxiv. 230] 1820 July 6 Emancipation
[clxiv. 230]

1820 July 6

Emancipation Spanish

?.8. Corruptive influence

Ends and Means of Govt

Sinister sacrifice

U. Self-preference - measure of its force: in Monarch, greatest

In so far as a mans interest fails of maintaining this coincidence with the universal interest, he will on almost all if not on all occasions be disposed to sacrifice to his own particular interest every other interest

Quere proof from necessity to existence of the species?

As in every other situation, so in that of a public functionary: of a public functionary whatsoever be his rank and whatsoever his denomination, this sacrifice he will not only be disposed to make but on every opportunity that seems /presents itself as/ favourable will actually make

This sacrifice of public to private interest, of public duty to private interest may be stiled for shortness the sinister sacrifice.

On the occasion of every public arrangement, as in every other situation, so in the situation of every public functionary of whatever class and whatever denomination, every man ought to be considered as disposed and prepared on every occasion to make to the utmost extent in his power this sinister sacrifice - to obtain at the expence of the suffering of others from loss or any other cause to any amount on the part of any number of other persons any the smallest enjoyment to himself from profit or any other cause.
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    ?.8. Corruptive influence

    Ends and Means of Governm t

    Sinister sacrifice

    Monarchs sacrificers

    Instance Ferdinands tortures

    Of the ratio of the force of self-regarding interest to social interest the measure will be compounded of the number of the persons whose interest a man is disposed to sacrifice to his own personal interest, and in the instance of each such other persons the magnitude of that interest: the degree of predominance will be in the direct ratio of this magnitude multiplied by the number of the persons in question, and in the inverse ratio of the magnitude of that interest of his own to which he is on each occasion disposed to make the sacrifice. In this compound ratio is the degree of selfishness

    Thus Give an example

    In so far as it is an object of disapprobation, preference of a mans own interest to other interests is termed selfishness

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    The degree of selfishness has for its measure

    The greater the quantity of /mans/ power a man has, the greater, unless in so far as any cause tending to diminish it /the quantity/ be assigned, is the degree of his selfishness.

    Insert power howsoever constituted - 1. by law 2. by wealth 3. by influence of understanding on understanding derived from reputation.

    The situation of Monarch of all others is the situation in which the greatest degree of selfishness ought to be looked for.

    In this situation, the expectable degree of selfishness to be looked for /expected/ will be as the quantity of the power attached to it.