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[clxiv. 253]
1820 Aug. 9
Emancipation Spanish
Summary
Corruptive influence
In a pure aristocracy all other interests are of course sacrificed to the interest, real or supposed /fancied/ of the ruling few. In these their rulers /the confederated knot/ the subject many behold so many enemies and those enemies equally /alike/ irresistible and implacable: and it is at the joint disposal of those enemies that every thing dear to them is placed.
Under a favorable state of things, under such a government the subject many are not absolutely out of all possibility of experiencing some mitigation to their sufferings. This favorable state of things is no other than a disagreement among the members of the confederacy /many-headed despot/. In such a contest If the parties are to such a /a certain/ degree balanced, it may happen to the weakest rather than yield to its overbearing-rival, to make advances to the subject many, in the hope of engaging them on its side.
In a government /community/ in which the power is in one proportion or another divided between a Monarch and an Aristocracy the state of interests and thence of government may be inferred from what has just been mentioned. Nothing but a disagreement either between the Monarch and the whole Aristocracy on the one part, or a Monarch with a part /portion/ of the Aristocracy on the one part and the remainder /another portion/ of the Aristocracy on the other can produce any mitigation in the condition /suffering/ of the subject many.
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Title: [[clxiv. 260] 1820 Aug. 9 Emancipation]Description: [clxiv. 260] 1820 Aug. 9 Emancipation Spanish Summary Corruptive influence What applies to the Monarchy /a Monarch/ applies with none but slight and obvious alterations to an Aristocracy: to every Aristocracy as such.
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Title: [[clxiv. 261] 1820 Aug. 9 Emancipation]Description: [clxiv. 261] 1820 Aug. 9 Emancipation Spanish Summary Corruptive influence In a community in which the power is in one proportion or another divided amongst a Monarch an Aristocracy and a representative democracy, the result though not so immed /prompt/ will be ultimately and infallibly still the same
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Title: [[clxiv. 89] 1820 May 29 Emancipation]Description: [clxiv. 89] 1820 May 29 Emancipation Spanish /ZA/ Quere whether to insert this page? Taken as it is /stands at present/ your Constitution I have said is that of a mixt Monarchy: and of that sort for which its principal and sole efficient ingredients has Monarchy and /with/ representative democracy. As to the English I know not very well what to call it. If it be a mixt Monarchy /setting aside a little contraband and ever precarious liberty of the press/ it is a mixt Monarchy with /so far as concerns the subject many/ the effect of a pure despotism. That along with the Monarchy there is no effective representative democracy - no no representative democracy capable of temporizing the acerbity of it is but too certain. If it be a mixture it is with some of the forms of representative democracy, a mixture of Monarchy with Aristocracy: the Monarchical or the Aristocratical branch predominating according to the ever changeable /mental/ character of individuals on both sides, the sport of the people being at all times divided between them in proportionally /correspondently/ changing proportions: but by any check which the rapacity of the aristocracy may oppose to the rapacity of the advisers of the Monarch, no diminution applied to the loss no assuageant applied to the sufferings of the people, only variation made in the proportion in which the matter /[...?]//fruits/ of plunderage are divided among the sharers. At one tine the appearance of what was termed the representatives of the people having more or less of ground with reality in it the mixture of Monarchy and Aristocracy had a further mixture of representative democracy in it. But for a long time some time past the mixture of democracy has had no place, otherwise than in form and pretence: the elective power of the democracy has been absorbed into the aristocracy; and the aristocracy, as such not having the immediate command over any part of the public money, to the advisers of the Monarch, constantly sells its power to the sharers in the administrative branch of the efficient power, to the Monarch and his advisers, the price varying each and every day according to the state of the market: according to the strengths of negative wills on both sides.
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