date

1820 July 29 Emancipation Spanish
1820 July 29

Emancipation Spanish

Summary

But the inequality, and the loss that results from it to the

universal interest - to that all comprehensive interest which is composed of the

interests of both parties - is in all such cases enormous.

Not to speak of the misery - the positive misery produced by actual

war, behold three causes by the conjunct operation of which the inegality with the

loss attendant on it is produced.

1. Of the whole quantity of the money expended by the ruling few as

such, it is but a comparatively small part that upon the most predatory plan of

management, can be applied to their own use, in augmentation of their own felicity:

namely that part alone which is composed of official emolument and extra mercantile profit (a) upon stores

furnished.

2. So unlimited is the capacity for felicity in the human frame, it

may be a question whether into any human breast by a mass of the instruments of

felicity in all possible shapes and to the utmost possible amount it be possible that

a quantity of actual felicity can be condensed equal to so much as the double of the

average quantity enjoyed by an individual of the labouring class /class/ whose

earnings afford an adequate supply to his animal wants. In this consideration may be

seen the argument for equality, in so far as consistent

with security: the only argument, nor is it an insufficient

one.

3. Other circumstances equal, the felicity produced by the

acquisition of any given sum is never so great as the suffering produced by the

involuntary loss of it /that same sum./ Were it not for

this, no reason would be to be found for employing the force of government in the

endeavour to present depredation - in the endeavour to give security to property in

any of its shapes.

Lay these three circumstances together and then calculate who can at

what expence every addition to the enjoyment of the ruling few, as such, at the

expence of the subject many can not but be purchased.

Note (a)

(a) On whatever subject capital were thus employed, ordinary

mercantile profit would equally be made, were the capital employed - not upon these

but other articles.
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    depredation - in the endeavour to give security to property, in any of its shapes.

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  • Title: [[clxvii. 51] 1820. July 24.]
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    Spaniards I have shown you that to you the subject many, not only the To the interests of the subject many, considered, as above, in the exercise of such claim to the dominion but the dominion itself would if possessed be in any necessary way, and in the high degree, above indicated be detrimental -, To the particular interests of the ruling few - to the interests of the particular class of men by whom it would be exercised,- I have at the same time admitted the exercise of it would be, in no small degree, benefical, what remains to be shown is - in what several ways the benefit to that class would encrease in proportion to the burthen upon yours beneficial: and the more so, the more highly detrimental to the /Hence you see what ways: [...?] that the greater the detriment to the/ interests of the subject many. It would make a correspondent addition to the stock of external instruments of felicity at their disposal: of those objects of general desire, in all their several shapes - money, money's worth, power, factitious dignity; provision for self, for dependents, for connections.

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    Not to speak of the misery - the positive misery - produced by actual war - behold three causes, by the conjunct operation of which, the inequality, with the loss attendant on it, is produced.

    1. Of the whole quantity, of the money expended by the ruling few as such, it is but a comparatively small part, that, even upon the most predatory plan of management, can be applied to their own use, in augmentation of their own felicity: namely, that part alone, which is composed of official emolument, and extra mercantile profit (a) upon stores furnished.

    2. So limited is the capacity for actual

    felicity in the human frame, it may be a question whether, into any human breast, by a mass of the external instruments of felicity, in all possible shapes, and to the utmost possible amount, it be possible that a quantity of actual felicity can be condensed, equal to so much as the double of the average quantity enjoyed by an individual of the day labouring class, whose

    Note.

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  • Title: [[clxiv. 182] 1820 June 23 Emancipation]
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    ?. Interests opposite

    In this instance too as in every other, the waste answers the double purpose of misapplied personal gratification, and corruptive influence: the lace work /gold/ with which the coats of /cloath/ of his Musicians Coat is hid from view, may at this or that moment keep the grown baby at quiet, and save him from doing greater mischief. Palaces and Streets of enormous /Egyptian/ dimensions may to him answer the purpose of, may serve him for, /compose for his use a substitute to/ a baby-house.

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    Note (a) 8

    Of the aggregate community composed of of the subject many added to the ruling one it is still the interest that on the supposition that the aggregate of the instruments of felicity could without prejudice to security be divided into equal portions equal in number to that of the individuals in the community so composed, of all these lots he should never have /one indeed, but never/ more than one For, as already observed, if by a thousand portions of the aggregate of the external instruments of felicity, possessed, each of them, by a single individual a thousand portions of felicity itself will be produced, yet /still/, by a thousand portions of that same aggregate possessed by a single individual, so far is it from being true that a thousand portions of felicity itself will be produced, that it will remain a question a disputable point, whether more than one be produced, whether even so much as one.

    George the third was continually hailed by the appellation of the best of Kings: and a better it would not perhaps be easy to find any where. Five hundred thousand pounds a year in round numbers was that man in the first instance allowed to spend /expend/ at the expence /charge/ of the subject many in the endeavour to condense into his single person the matter of felicity: five hundred thousand pounds - a sum greater than is found sufficient to afford subsistence to 50,000 of them during the same time: others indeed, and besides the members of his own family, others in multitudes: for, forasmuch as to the capacity of a Monarchs stomach there are the same limits as to that of an ordinary man so neither in the case of any external instrument of felicity is it possible for any individual to derive his felicity in more than a certain quantity, but that whether he will or no, others must have their share